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    List of language families

    Author: www.NiNa.Az
    Jan 31, 2025 / 23:09

    This article is a list of language families This list only includes primary language families that are accepted by the c

    List of language families
    List of language families
    List of language families
    www.NiNa.Azhttps://www.english.nina.az/author.html

    This article is a list of language families. This list only includes primary language families that are accepted by the current academic consensus in the field of linguistics; for language families that are not accepted by the current academic consensus in the field of linguistics, see the article "List of proposed language families".

    List of language families

    Spoken language families

    • image
      Map of the main language families of the world
    • image
      The language families of Africa
    • image
      Map of the Austronesian languages
    • image
      Map of major Dravidian languages
    • image
      Distribution of the Indo-European language family branches across Eurasia
    • image
      Area of the Papuan languages
    • image
      Map of the Australian languages
    • image
      Distribution of language families and isolates north of Mexico at first contact
    • image
      The major South American language families
    • image
      Ethnolinguistic groups of mainland Southeast Asia
    • image
      Caucasian languages
    • image
      Distribution of the Uralic, Altaic, and Yukaghir languages
    Family Languages Current speakers Location Proposed parent family
    Afroasiatic 381 499,294,669 Africa, Eurasia
    Aroid 5 438,100 Africa Afroasiatic
    Atlantic–Congo 1,410 500,000,000 Africa Niger–Congo
    Berta 6 380,000 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Central Sudanic 63 9,145,280 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Daju 7 261,000 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Dizoid 3 88,840 Africa Afroasiatic
    Dogon 20 630,820 Africa Niger–Congo
    Eastern Jebel 4 104,600 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Fur 2 786,900 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Gumuz 3 253,680 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Heiban 10 276,690 Africa Niger–Congo
    Ijaw 9 3,221,650 Africa Niger–Congo
    Kadu 6 120,600 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Katla-Tima 3 25,000 Africa Niger–Congo
    Khoe-Kwadi 14 337,337 Africa
    Koman 5 94,000 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Kresh-Aja 3 48,200 Africa Central Sudanic
    Kru 38 3,800,000 Africa Niger–Congo
    Kuliak 3 14,070 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Kunama 2 181,000 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Kx'a 5 104,000 Africa
    Maban 10 1,115,260 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Mande 75 27,003,000 Africa Niger–Congo
    Nilotic 55 33,306,780 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Nubian 13 842,050 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Nyima 2 162,000 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Rashad 2 126,000 Africa Niger–Congo
    Saharan 10 10,940,500 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Songhay 10 3,228,000 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Surmic 11 544,680 Africa
    Talodi 8 112,250 Africa Niger–Congo
    Taman 4 128,800 Africa
    Ta-Ne-Omotic 23 7,383,320 Africa Afroasiatic
    Temein 2 14,400 Africa Nilo-Saharan
    Tuu 9 2,500 Africa
    Zande 6 1,898,500 Africa
    Indo-European 586 3,237,999,904 Eurasia
    Uralic 49 20,716,457 Eurasia
    Tyrsenian 3 or 4 extinct Eurasia
    Turkic 35 179,945,933 Eurasia Altaic (controversial)
    Hurro-Urartian 2 extinct Eurasia Alarodian
    Northwest Caucasian 4 1,655,000 Eurasia North Caucasian
    Northeast Caucasian 29 4,155,258 Eurasia North Caucasian or Alarodian
    Kartvelian 5 4,850,000 Eurasia
    Dravidian 84 252,807,610 Eurasia
    Great Andamanese 10 3 Eurasia
    Ongan 2 296 Eurasia
    Yeniseian 5 153 Eurasia
    Yukaghir 4 516 Eurasia
    Sino-Tibetan 514 1,385,995,195 Eurasia
    Mijiic 2 29,500 Eurasia Sino-Tibetan
    Hmong–Mien 43 9,332,070 Eurasia Miao–Dai or Austric
    Kra–Dai 95 81,549,828 Eurasia Austro-Tai
    Austroasiatic 158 116,323,040 Eurasia Austric languages
    Austronesian 1,274 325,862,510 Africa, Eurasia, Oceania Austro-Tai
    Tungusic 15 55,800 Eurasia Altaic (controversial)
    Mongolic 16 7,269,480 Eurasia Altaic (controversial)
    Koreanic 2 77,269,890 Eurasia Altaic (controversial)
    Nivkh 2 200 Eurasia Nivkh–Kamchukotic
    Japonic 13 129,240,180 Eurasia Altaic (controversial)
    Ainu 3 2 Eurasia Altaic (controversial)
    Chukotko-Kamchatkan 7 6,875 Eurasia Nivkh–Kamchukotic
    Trans–New Guinea 376 3,678,184 New Guinea
    Torricelli 57 114,565 New Guinea
    Sepik 49 263,404 New Guinea
    Lower Sepik 6 13,070 New Guinea Ramu–Lower Sepik languages
    Timor–Alor–Pantar 23 380,120 New Guinea Trans–New Guinea
    Lakes Plain 20 8,455 New Guinea
    Yam 19 7,677 New Guinea
    Anim 17 32,898 New Guinea Trans–New Guinea
    Border 15 17,080 New Guinea
    North Halmahera 15 279,035 New Guinea West Papuan
    Angan 13 103,739 New Guinea Trans–New Guinea
    Geelvink Bay 10 8,005 New Guinea
    Sko 10 5,665 New Guinea
    South Bougainville 9 68,700 New Guinea
    Baining 6 13,800 New Guinea
    8 6,175 New Guinea
    Goilalan 6 47,330 New Guinea
    Kiwaia 6 38,030 New Guinea
    Left May 6 2,005 New Guinea Left May – Kwomtari
    South Bird's Head 6 8,200 New Guinea
    Eleman 5 45,240 New Guinea
    Foja Range 26 23,845 New Guinea
    Pauwasi 5 3,880 New Guinea
    West Bird's Head 5 20,090 New Guinea West Papuan
    Yuat 5 7,700 New Guinea
    Eastern Trans-Fly 4 6,760 New Guinea
    North Bougainville 4 10,020 New Guinea
    Demta–Sentani 4 36,680 New Guinea
    Gogodala–Suki 4 30,160 New Guinea
    Kikorian 6 13,510 New Guinea
    Walio 4 856 New Guinea
    East Bird's Head 3 34,800 New Guinea West Papuan
    Mairasi 3 4,385 New Guinea
    Amto–Musan 2 720 New Guinea
    Baibai-Fas 2 2,840 New Guinea Left May – Kwomtari, Kwomtari–Fas
    Bulaka River 3 520 New Guinea
    Hatam-Mansim 2 16,000 New Guinea West Papuan
    Inanwatan–Duriankere 2 1,130 New Guinea
    Kaure-Kosare 2 700 New Guinea
    Konda-Yahadian 2 1,000 New Guinea
    Senu River 3 1,510 New Guinea Left May–Kwomtari or Kwomtari–Fas
    Lepki-Murkim-Kembra 3 840 New Guinea
    Namla-Tofanma 2 280 New Guinea
    Pahoturi 2 4,050 New Guinea
    112 >10,000 New Guinea
    Senagi 2 2,960 New Guinea
    Taulil-Butam 2 2,000 New Guinea
    Ramu 29 64,730 New Guinea Ramu–Lower Sepik
    Teberan–Pawaian 4 37,100 New Guinea
    Yawa-Saweru 2 10,300 New Guinea West Papuan
    Central Solomon 4 14,800 New Guinea
    Chimbu-Wahgi 15 613,400 New Guinea
    Engan 9 606,930 New Guinea
    Pama–Nyungan 250 23,539 Australia
    Gunwinyguan 5 1,314 Australia
    Western Daly 3 21 Australia
    Nyulnyulan 3 94 Australia
    Worrorran 3 108 Australia
    Mirndi 3 261 Australia
    Iwaidjan 4 491 Australia Arnhem
    Mangarrayi-Maran 4 10 Australia
    Maningrida 4 1,434 Australia Arnhem
    Tangkic 4 73 Australia
    Jarrakan 3 130 Australia
    Bunuban 2 100 Australia
    Eastern Daly 2 extinct Australia
    Garrwan 2 130 Australia
    Limilngan-Wulna 2 23 Australia
    Marrku-Wurrugu 2 extinct Australia
    Northeastern Tasmanian 2 extinct Australia
    Northern Daly 2 8 Australia
    Southeastern Tasmanian 2 extinct Australia
    Western Tasmanian 2 extinct Australia
    Northern Tasmanian 2 extinct Australia
    Eskaleut 10 108,705 North America, Eurasia
    Na-Dene 46 208,552 North America
    Tsimshianic 4 2,910 North America Penutian
    Wakashan 6 710 North America
    Salishan 25 1,969 North America
    Chimakuan 2 extinct North America
    Chinookan 4 extinct North America Penutian
    Kalapuyan 3 extinct North America Penutian
    Coosan 2 extinct North America Penutian
    Sahaptian 4 125 North America Penutian
    Shastan 4 extinct North America Hokan
    Pakawan 5 extinct North America Hokan
    Yuki–Wappo 2 extinct North America
    Pomoan 7 47 North America Hokan
    Wintuan 2 extinct North America Penutian
    Palaihnihan 2 10 North America Hokan
    Maiduan 4 3 North America Penutian
    Utian 13 18 North America Penutian
    Chumashan 6 extinct North America
    Uto-Aztecan 58 1,910,442 North America Aztec–Tanoan
    Yuman–Cochimí 12 3,710 North America Hokan
    Siouan 14 33,399 North America Macro-Siouan
    Algic 47 214,768 North America
    Tanoan–Kiowa 6 6,000 North America Aztec–Tanoan
    Caddoan 5 46 North America Macro-Siouan
    Totonacan 12 282,250 North America Totozoquean
    Oto-Manguean 176 1,678,214 North America
    Mixe–Zoque 17 153,612 North America Totozoquean
    Tequistlatecan 3 5,494 North America Hokan
    Muskogean 6 15,640 North America Gulf
    Mayan 31 6,522,182 North America
    Xincan 5 extinct North America Macro-Chibchan
    Jicaquean 2 500 North America Hokan
    Lencan 2 extinct North America Macro-Chibchan or Hokan
    Misumalpan 5 709,000 North America Macro-Chibchan
    Iroquoian 9 14,543 North America Macro-Siouan
    Arawakan 77 699,709 North America, South America Macro-Arawakan
    Chibchan 27 306,267 North America, South America Macro-Chibchan
    Chocoan 9 114,600 North America, South America
    Cariban 42 67,376 North America, South America Je–Tupi–Carib
    Barbacoan 6 24,800 South America Macro-Paesan
    Chicham 4 89,630 South America
    Quechuan 45 7,768,820 South America
    Aymaran 4 2,808,740 South America
    Uru–Chipaya 2 1,200 South America
    Huarpean 3 extinct South America
    Araucanian 2 262,000 South America
    Chonan 6 extinct South America Moseten–Chonan
    Alacalufan 3 12 South America
    Guajiboan 5 39,290 South America Macro-Arawakan
    2 610 South America Macro-Puinavean
    Otomákoan 2 extinct South America Macro-Otomákoan
    Piaroa–Saliban 3 18,630 South America
    Nadahup 4 2,894 South America Macro-Puinavean
    Yanomaman 4 31,670 South America
    Tucanoan 23 30,308 South America
    Boran 2 1,500 South America Bora–Witoto
    Witotoan 7 17,478 South America Bora–Witoto
    Peba–Yaguan 3 5,700 South America Saparo–Yawan
    Zaparoan 3 90 South America Saparo–Yawan
    Hibito–Cholon 2 extinct South America
    Cahuapanan 2 10,370 South America
    Ticuna–Yuri 2 48,580 South America
    Panoan 38 48,679 South America Macro-Panoan
    Arawan 6 5,870 South America
    Katukinan 2 10 South America Macro-Puinavean
    Harákmbut 2 2,220 South America Harákmbut–Katukinan or Macro-Otomákoan
    Tupian 70 5,026,502 South America Je–Tupi–Carib
    Chapacuran 4 2,019 South America Wamo–Chapakura
    Nambikwaran 6 1,068 South America
    Bororoan 3 1,392 South America Macro-Jê
    Kariri 4 extinct South America Macro-Jê
    Zamucoan 2 5,900 South America
    Tacanan 7 2,860 South America Macro-Panoan languages
    Mascoian 6 20,728 South America Mataco–Guaicuru
    Matacoan 7 60,280 South America Mataco–Guaicuru
    Guaicuruan 4 49,350 South America Mataco–Guaicuru
    Macro-Jê 29 51,093 South America Je–Tupi–Carib
    Charruan 3 extinct South America Mataco–Guaicuru
    Kamakanan 4 extinct South America Macro-Jê
    Purian 2 extinct South America Macro-Jê
    Puquina 4 extinct South America
    Catacaoan 3 extinct South America
    Jirajaran 3 extinct South America
    Lule-Vilela 2 extinct South America
    Timotean 2 200 South America
    Tiniguan 3 1 South America

    Sign language families

    The family relationships of sign languages are not well established due to a lagging in linguistic research, and many are isolates (cf. Wittmann 1991).

    Family Name Location Number of
    French Sign Europe, the Americas, Francophone Africa, parts of Asia Over 50
    British Sign United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa 4–10
    Arab Sign Much of the Arab World 6–10
    Japanese Sign Japan, Korea, Taiwan 3
    German Sign Germany, Poland, Israel 3
    Swedish Sign Sweden, Finland, Portugal 3
    Chinese Sign China (including Hong Kong and Macau) 2

    See also

    • Constructed language – Consciously devised language
    • Endangered language – Language that is at risk of going extinct
    • Ethnologue#Language families
    • Extinct language – Language that no longer has any first-language or second-language speakers
    • Index of language articles
    • Intercontinental Dictionary Series – Linguistics database
    • International auxiliary language – Constructed language meant to facilitate communication
    • Glottolog#Language families
    • Language isolate#List of language isolates by continent
    • Lists of languages
    • List of proposed language families

    References

    1. "Glottolog 5.0 -". glottolog.org. Retrieved 2024-06-28.
    2. "What are the largest language families?". Ethnologue. May 25, 2019.
    3. "North Caucasian". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved July 17, 2016.
    4. Wittmann, Henri (1991). "Classification linguistique des langues signées non vocalement" (PDF). Revue québécoise de linguistique théorique et appliquée (in French). 10 (1): 215–288.

    External links

    • Glottolog
    • Ethnologue
    • MultiTree Project Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
    • Comparative Swadesh list tables of various language families (from Wiktionary)

    This article is a list of language families This list only includes primary language families that are accepted by the current academic consensus in the field of linguistics for language families that are not accepted by the current academic consensus in the field of linguistics see the article List of proposed language families List of language familiesSpoken language families Map of the main language families of the world The language families of Africa Map of the Austronesian languages Map of major Dravidian languages Distribution of the Indo European language family branches across Eurasia Area of the Papuan languages Map of the Australian languages Distribution of language families and isolates north of Mexico at first contact The major South American language families Ethnolinguistic groups of mainland Southeast Asia Caucasian languages Distribution of the Uralic Altaic and Yukaghir languagesFamily Languages Current speakers Location Proposed parent familyAfroasiatic 381 499 294 669 Africa EurasiaAroid 5 438 100 Africa AfroasiaticAtlantic Congo 1 410 500 000 000 Africa Niger CongoBerta 6 380 000 Africa Nilo SaharanCentral Sudanic 63 9 145 280 Africa Nilo SaharanDaju 7 261 000 Africa Nilo SaharanDizoid 3 88 840 Africa AfroasiaticDogon 20 630 820 Africa Niger CongoEastern Jebel 4 104 600 Africa Nilo SaharanFur 2 786 900 Africa Nilo SaharanGumuz 3 253 680 Africa Nilo SaharanHeiban 10 276 690 Africa Niger CongoIjaw 9 3 221 650 Africa Niger CongoKadu 6 120 600 Africa Nilo SaharanKatla Tima 3 25 000 Africa Niger CongoKhoe Kwadi 14 337 337 AfricaKoman 5 94 000 Africa Nilo SaharanKresh Aja 3 48 200 Africa Central SudanicKru 38 3 800 000 Africa Niger CongoKuliak 3 14 070 Africa Nilo SaharanKunama 2 181 000 Africa Nilo SaharanKx a 5 104 000 AfricaMaban 10 1 115 260 Africa Nilo SaharanMande 75 27 003 000 Africa Niger CongoNilotic 55 33 306 780 Africa Nilo SaharanNubian 13 842 050 Africa Nilo SaharanNyima 2 162 000 Africa Nilo SaharanRashad 2 126 000 Africa Niger CongoSaharan 10 10 940 500 Africa Nilo SaharanSonghay 10 3 228 000 Africa Nilo SaharanSurmic 11 544 680 AfricaTalodi 8 112 250 Africa Niger CongoTaman 4 128 800 AfricaTa Ne Omotic 23 7 383 320 Africa AfroasiaticTemein 2 14 400 Africa Nilo SaharanTuu 9 2 500 AfricaZande 6 1 898 500 AfricaIndo European 586 3 237 999 904 EurasiaUralic 49 20 716 457 EurasiaTyrsenian 3 or 4 extinct EurasiaTurkic 35 179 945 933 Eurasia Altaic controversial Hurro Urartian 2 extinct Eurasia AlarodianNorthwest Caucasian 4 1 655 000 Eurasia North CaucasianNortheast Caucasian 29 4 155 258 Eurasia North Caucasian or AlarodianKartvelian 5 4 850 000 EurasiaDravidian 84 252 807 610 EurasiaGreat Andamanese 10 3 EurasiaOngan 2 296 EurasiaYeniseian 5 153 EurasiaYukaghir 4 516 EurasiaSino Tibetan 514 1 385 995 195 EurasiaMijiic 2 29 500 Eurasia Sino TibetanHmong Mien 43 9 332 070 Eurasia Miao Dai or AustricKra Dai 95 81 549 828 Eurasia Austro TaiAustroasiatic 158 116 323 040 Eurasia Austric languagesAustronesian 1 274 325 862 510 Africa Eurasia Oceania Austro TaiTungusic 15 55 800 Eurasia Altaic controversial Mongolic 16 7 269 480 Eurasia Altaic controversial Koreanic 2 77 269 890 Eurasia Altaic controversial Nivkh 2 200 Eurasia Nivkh KamchukoticJaponic 13 129 240 180 Eurasia Altaic controversial Ainu 3 2 Eurasia Altaic controversial Chukotko Kamchatkan 7 6 875 Eurasia Nivkh KamchukoticTrans New Guinea 376 3 678 184 New GuineaTorricelli 57 114 565 New GuineaSepik 49 263 404 New GuineaLower Sepik 6 13 070 New Guinea Ramu Lower Sepik languagesTimor Alor Pantar 23 380 120 New Guinea Trans New GuineaLakes Plain 20 8 455 New GuineaYam 19 7 677 New GuineaAnim 17 32 898 New Guinea Trans New GuineaBorder 15 17 080 New GuineaNorth Halmahera 15 279 035 New Guinea West PapuanAngan 13 103 739 New Guinea Trans New GuineaGeelvink Bay 10 8 005 New GuineaSko 10 5 665 New GuineaSouth Bougainville 9 68 700 New GuineaBaining 6 13 800 New Guinea8 6 175 New GuineaGoilalan 6 47 330 New GuineaKiwaia 6 38 030 New GuineaLeft May 6 2 005 New Guinea Left May KwomtariSouth Bird s Head 6 8 200 New GuineaEleman 5 45 240 New GuineaFoja Range 26 23 845 New GuineaPauwasi 5 3 880 New GuineaWest Bird s Head 5 20 090 New Guinea West PapuanYuat 5 7 700 New GuineaEastern Trans Fly 4 6 760 New GuineaNorth Bougainville 4 10 020 New GuineaDemta Sentani 4 36 680 New GuineaGogodala Suki 4 30 160 New GuineaKikorian 6 13 510 New GuineaWalio 4 856 New GuineaEast Bird s Head 3 34 800 New Guinea West PapuanMairasi 3 4 385 New GuineaAmto Musan 2 720 New GuineaBaibai Fas 2 2 840 New Guinea Left May Kwomtari Kwomtari FasBulaka River 3 520 New GuineaHatam Mansim 2 16 000 New Guinea West PapuanInanwatan Duriankere 2 1 130 New GuineaKaure Kosare 2 700 New GuineaKonda Yahadian 2 1 000 New GuineaSenu River 3 1 510 New Guinea Left May Kwomtari or Kwomtari FasLepki Murkim Kembra 3 840 New GuineaNamla Tofanma 2 280 New GuineaPahoturi 2 4 050 New Guinea112 gt 10 000 New GuineaSenagi 2 2 960 New GuineaTaulil Butam 2 2 000 New GuineaRamu 29 64 730 New Guinea Ramu Lower SepikTeberan Pawaian 4 37 100 New GuineaYawa Saweru 2 10 300 New Guinea West PapuanCentral Solomon 4 14 800 New GuineaChimbu Wahgi 15 613 400 New GuineaEngan 9 606 930 New GuineaPama Nyungan 250 23 539 AustraliaGunwinyguan 5 1 314 AustraliaWestern Daly 3 21 AustraliaNyulnyulan 3 94 AustraliaWorrorran 3 108 AustraliaMirndi 3 261 AustraliaIwaidjan 4 491 Australia ArnhemMangarrayi Maran 4 10 AustraliaManingrida 4 1 434 Australia ArnhemTangkic 4 73 AustraliaJarrakan 3 130 AustraliaBunuban 2 100 AustraliaEastern Daly 2 extinct AustraliaGarrwan 2 130 AustraliaLimilngan Wulna 2 23 AustraliaMarrku Wurrugu 2 extinct AustraliaNortheastern Tasmanian 2 extinct AustraliaNorthern Daly 2 8 AustraliaSoutheastern Tasmanian 2 extinct AustraliaWestern Tasmanian 2 extinct AustraliaNorthern Tasmanian 2 extinct AustraliaEskaleut 10 108 705 North America EurasiaNa Dene 46 208 552 North AmericaTsimshianic 4 2 910 North America PenutianWakashan 6 710 North AmericaSalishan 25 1 969 North AmericaChimakuan 2 extinct North AmericaChinookan 4 extinct North America PenutianKalapuyan 3 extinct North America PenutianCoosan 2 extinct North America PenutianSahaptian 4 125 North America PenutianShastan 4 extinct North America HokanPakawan 5 extinct North America HokanYuki Wappo 2 extinct North AmericaPomoan 7 47 North America HokanWintuan 2 extinct North America PenutianPalaihnihan 2 10 North America HokanMaiduan 4 3 North America PenutianUtian 13 18 North America PenutianChumashan 6 extinct North AmericaUto Aztecan 58 1 910 442 North America Aztec TanoanYuman Cochimi 12 3 710 North America HokanSiouan 14 33 399 North America Macro SiouanAlgic 47 214 768 North AmericaTanoan Kiowa 6 6 000 North America Aztec TanoanCaddoan 5 46 North America Macro SiouanTotonacan 12 282 250 North America TotozoqueanOto Manguean 176 1 678 214 North AmericaMixe Zoque 17 153 612 North America TotozoqueanTequistlatecan 3 5 494 North America HokanMuskogean 6 15 640 North America GulfMayan 31 6 522 182 North AmericaXincan 5 extinct North America Macro ChibchanJicaquean 2 500 North America HokanLencan 2 extinct North America Macro Chibchan or HokanMisumalpan 5 709 000 North America Macro ChibchanIroquoian 9 14 543 North America Macro SiouanArawakan 77 699 709 North America South America Macro ArawakanChibchan 27 306 267 North America South America Macro ChibchanChocoan 9 114 600 North America South AmericaCariban 42 67 376 North America South America Je Tupi CaribBarbacoan 6 24 800 South America Macro PaesanChicham 4 89 630 South AmericaQuechuan 45 7 768 820 South AmericaAymaran 4 2 808 740 South AmericaUru Chipaya 2 1 200 South AmericaHuarpean 3 extinct South AmericaAraucanian 2 262 000 South AmericaChonan 6 extinct South America Moseten ChonanAlacalufan 3 12 South AmericaGuajiboan 5 39 290 South America Macro Arawakan2 610 South America Macro PuinaveanOtomakoan 2 extinct South America Macro OtomakoanPiaroa Saliban 3 18 630 South AmericaNadahup 4 2 894 South America Macro PuinaveanYanomaman 4 31 670 South AmericaTucanoan 23 30 308 South AmericaBoran 2 1 500 South America Bora WitotoWitotoan 7 17 478 South America Bora WitotoPeba Yaguan 3 5 700 South America Saparo YawanZaparoan 3 90 South America Saparo YawanHibito Cholon 2 extinct South AmericaCahuapanan 2 10 370 South AmericaTicuna Yuri 2 48 580 South AmericaPanoan 38 48 679 South America Macro PanoanArawan 6 5 870 South AmericaKatukinan 2 10 South America Macro PuinaveanHarakmbut 2 2 220 South America Harakmbut Katukinan or Macro OtomakoanTupian 70 5 026 502 South America Je Tupi CaribChapacuran 4 2 019 South America Wamo ChapakuraNambikwaran 6 1 068 South AmericaBororoan 3 1 392 South America Macro JeKariri 4 extinct South America Macro JeZamucoan 2 5 900 South AmericaTacanan 7 2 860 South America Macro Panoan languagesMascoian 6 20 728 South America Mataco GuaicuruMatacoan 7 60 280 South America Mataco GuaicuruGuaicuruan 4 49 350 South America Mataco GuaicuruMacro Je 29 51 093 South America Je Tupi CaribCharruan 3 extinct South America Mataco GuaicuruKamakanan 4 extinct South America Macro JePurian 2 extinct South America Macro JePuquina 4 extinct South AmericaCatacaoan 3 extinct South AmericaJirajaran 3 extinct South AmericaLule Vilela 2 extinct South AmericaTimotean 2 200 South AmericaTiniguan 3 1 South AmericaSign language families The family relationships of sign languages are not well established due to a lagging in linguistic research and many are isolates cf Wittmann 1991 Family Name Location Number ofFrench Sign Europe the Americas Francophone Africa parts of Asia Over 50British Sign United Kingdom Australia New Zealand South Africa 4 10Arab Sign Much of the Arab World 6 10Japanese Sign Japan Korea Taiwan 3German Sign Germany Poland Israel 3Swedish Sign Sweden Finland Portugal 3Chinese Sign China including Hong Kong and Macau 2See alsoConstructed language Consciously devised language Endangered language Language that is at risk of going extinct Ethnologue Language families Extinct language Language that no longer has any first language or second language speakers Index of language articles Intercontinental Dictionary Series Linguistics database International auxiliary language Constructed language meant to facilitate communication Glottolog Language families Language isolate List of language isolates by continent Lists of languages List of proposed language familiesReferences Glottolog 5 0 glottolog org Retrieved 2024 06 28 What are the largest language families Ethnologue May 25 2019 North Caucasian Ethnologue Archived from the original on July 2 2016 Retrieved July 17 2016 Wittmann Henri 1991 Classification linguistique des langues signees non vocalement PDF Revue quebecoise de linguistique theorique et appliquee in French 10 1 215 288 External linksGlottolog Ethnologue MultiTree Project Archived 2016 03 04 at the Wayback Machine Comparative Swadesh list tables of various language families from Wiktionary

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