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    Salman of Saudi Arabia

    Author: www.NiNa.Az
    Feb 03, 2025 / 16:31

    Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud Arabic سلمان بن عبد العزيز آل سعود born 31 December 1935 has been King of Saudi Arabia sinc

    Salman of Saudi Arabia
    Salman of Saudi Arabia
    Salman of Saudi Arabia
    www.NiNa.Azhttps://www.english.nina.az/author.html

    Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (Arabic: سلمان بن عبد العزيز آل سعود; born 31 December 1935) has been King of Saudi Arabia since 2015, and was Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2022. He is the 25th son of King Abdulaziz, the founder of Saudi Arabia. He assumed the throne on 23 January 2015. Prior to his accession, he was Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia from 18 June 2012 to 23 January 2015. Salman is the third oldest living head of state, the oldest living monarch, and Saudi Arabia's first head of state born after the unification of Saudi Arabia. He has a reported personal wealth of at least $18 billion, which makes him the third wealthiest royal in the world.

    Salman
    Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
    image
    Salman in 2020
    King of Saudi Arabia
    Reign23 January 2015 – present
    Bay'ah23 January 2015
    PredecessorAbdullah
    Crown Princes
    • Muqrin bin Abdulaziz (2015)
    • Muhammad bin Nayef (2015–2017)
    • Mohammed bin Salman (2017–present)
    Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
    In office
    23 January 2015 – 27 September 2022
    Preceded byAbdullah bin Abdulaziz
    Succeeded byMohammed bin Salman
    Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
    Deputy Prime Minister
    In office
    18 June 2012 – 23 January 2015
    MonarchAbdullah bin Abdulaziz
    Prime MinisterAbdullah bin Abdulaziz
    Preceded byNayef bin Abdulaziz
    Succeeded byMuqrin bin Abdulaziz
    Minister of Defense
    In office
    5 November 2011 – 23 January 2015
    Prime MinisterKing Abdullah
    Preceded bySultan bin Abdulaziz
    Succeeded byMohammed bin Salman
    Governor of Riyadh Province
    In office
    5 February 1963 – 5 November 2011
    Appointed byKing Saud
    Preceded byBadr bin Saud
    Succeeded bySattam bin Abdulaziz
    In office
    18 April 1955 – 22 September 1960
    Appointed byKing Saud
    Preceded byNayef bin Abdulaziz
    Succeeded byFawwaz bin Abdulaziz
    Deputy Governor of Riyadh Province
    In office
    16 March 1954 – 18 April 1955
    Appointed byKing Saud
    Preceded byNayef bin Abdulaziz
    Succeeded byTurki II bin Abdulaziz
    Born (1935-12-31) 31 December 1935 (age 89)
    Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
    Spouses
    Sultana bint Turki Al Sudairi
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1954; died 2011)​
    • Sarah bint Faisal Al Subai'ai (divorced)
    • Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain
    Issue
    Detail
    List
    • Prince Fahd
    • Prince Sultan
    • Prince Ahmed
    • Prince Abdulaziz
    • Prince Faisal
    • Princess Hassa
    • Crown Prince Mohammed
    • Prince Saud
    • Prince Turki
    • Prince Khalid
    • Prince Nayef
    • Prince Bandar
    • Prince Rakan
    Names
    Salman bin Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman
    HouseAl Saud
    FatherAbdulaziz of Saudi Arabia
    MotherHassa bint Ahmed Al Sudairi
    Signatureimage

    Salman is a son of King Abdulaziz and Hassa bint Ahmed Al Sudairi, making him one of the Sudairi Seven. He was the deputy governor of Riyadh and later the governor of Riyadh for 48 years from 1963 to 2011. He was then appointed minister of defense. He was named crown prince in 2012. Salman became king in 2015 upon the death of his half-brother, King Abdullah. Since January 2024, he is the oldest surviving son of King Abdulaziz.

    Salman's major initiatives as king include the Saudi intervention in the Yemeni Civil War, Saudi Vision 2030, and a 2017 decree allowing Saudi women to drive. His seventh son, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, is considered the de facto ruler of Saudi Arabia due to the King's poor health and Mohammed's own political maneuvering. Mohammed replaced his father as prime minister in 2022.

    Early life

    Salman was born on 31 December 1935, and is reported to be the 25th son of King Abdulaziz, the first monarch and founder of Saudi Arabia. Salman and his six full brothers make up the Sudairi Seven. He was raised in the Murabba Palace.

    Salman received his early education at the Princes' School in the capital city of Riyadh, a school established by King Abdulaziz specifically to provide education for his children. He studied religion and modern science.

    Riyadh

    Salman was appointed Deputy Governor of Riyadh Province on 17 March 1954, aged 18, and held the post until 19 April 1955. He was appointed the governor of the same province on 5 February 1963, and remained in that office until 5 November 2011, a period of almost half a century.

    image
    Salman in his youth

    As governor, Salman contributed to the development of Riyadh from a mid-sized town into a major urban metropolis. He served as an important liaison to attract tourism, capital projects, and foreign investment to his country. He favored political and economic relationships with the West. During his governorship, Salman recruited advisors from King Saud University.

    During Salman's five decades as Riyadh governor, he became adept at managing the delicate balance of clerical, tribal, and princely interests that determine Saudi policy. He was also the chairman of the King Abdulaziz Foundation for Research and Archives (KAFRA), King Abdulaziz Museum, the Prince Salman Center for Disability Research and the Prince Fahd bin Salman Charitable Society for the Care of Kidney Patients.

    Salman also undertook several foreign tours while he was governor. In 1974, he visited Kuwait, Bahrain and Qatar to strengthen Saudi Arabia's relationship with those nations. During his visit to Montreal, Canada in 1991, he inaugurated a gallery. In 1996, he was received in the Élysée Palace in Paris by the then-French president Jacques Chirac. The same year he toured Bosnia and Herzegovina to give donations to the Muslim citizens of the country. Being a part of an Asian tour in 1998, Salman visited Pakistan, Japan, Brunei and China.

    According to The Washington Post, the late Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi "criticized Prince Salman, then governor of Riyadh and head of the Saudi committee for support to the Afghan mujahideen, for unwisely funding Salafist extremist groups that were undermining the war [in Afghanistan against the Soviets]."

    Under Salman, Riyadh became one of the richest cities in the Middle East and an important place for trade and commerce.[citation needed] There were also infrastructural advances including schools, universities, and sports stadiums. About the province, he said:

    Every village or town in the Riyadh Region is dear to me, and holds a special place in my heart ... I witnessed every step taken by the city of Riyadh, and for this reason, it is difficult for me to think about being far away from Riyadh.

    Second in line

    image
    Prince Salman at the Pentagon in April 2012

    On 5 November 2011, Salman was appointed Minister of Defense, replacing his full brother, the Crown Prince Sultan.Sattam bin Abdulaziz was named governor of Riyadh Province. Salman was also named a member of the National Security Council (NSC) on the same day.

    It is speculated that he was placed in the immediate line of succession due to his personal qualities. First, he has a conciliatory and diplomatic nature. He headed the family council, called The Descendants' Council (Majlis al Uthra in Arabic), that was established by King Fahd in 2000 to solve family matters, reach consensus and try to avoid any publicly embarrassing behaviour by some family members. Second, Salman belongs to the "middle generation" in the royal family; therefore, he could develop close ties with both generations socially and culturally. Last, due to his long-term governorship, he had developed a network of relationships within Arab and international circles.

    Salman continued the policy of military intervention in Bahrain. In April 2012, Salman visited both the United States and the United Kingdom where he met with US President Barack Obama and British Prime Minister David Cameron. 2013 saw Saudi military spending climb to $67billion, overtaking that of the UK, France and Japan to place fourth globally. As defense minister, Salman was head of the military as Saudi Arabia joined the United States and other Arab countries in carrying out airstrikes against the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria in 2014.

    Crown Prince

    image
    Crown Prince Salman meeting US Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel, 23 April 2013

    On 18 June 2012, Salman was appointed as Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia shortly after the death of his brother, Crown Prince Nayef bin Abdulaziz. Prince Salman was also made First Deputy Prime minister. His nomination as crown prince and deputy prime minister was seen by some as a signal that King Abdullah's cautious reforms were likely to continue. On the other hand, Saudi reformists stated that while Prince Salman, in contrast to other Saudi royals, took a more diplomatic approach towards them, he could not be considered a political reformer. They also argued that, like King Abdullah, Salman focused mainly on economic improvement rather than political change.

    On 27 August 2012, the Royal Court announced that Salman was in charge of state affairs whilst King Abdullah was out of the country. Prince Salman launched a Twitter account on 23 February 2013. In September 2012, Salman was named as the deputy chairman of the military service council. He is a strong advocate for philanthropy in poor Muslim nations such as Somalia, Sudan, and Afghanistan.

    Reign

    image
    US President Barack Obama shakes hands with King Salman, Riyadh, 27 January 2015

    On 23 January 2015, Salman, aged 79, inherited the throne after his half-brother Abdullah died of pneumonia at the age of 90. The new king issued a statement which read "His Highness Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud and all members of the family and the nation mourn Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz, who passed away at exactly 1 am this morning." He appointed his younger half-brother, Muqrin bin Abdulaziz, as Crown Prince.

    image
    Salman at the 2015 G20 Summit in Turkey, 15 September 2015

    After coming to power, Salman reshuffled the cabinet on 30 January 2015. Khalid bin Ali bin Abdullah al-Humaidan was made the intelligence chief. Prince Bandar bin Sultan was removed from his post in the security council and the adviser to the monarch was also removed as were the former monarch's sons Turki as governor of Riyadh and Mishaal as governor of Mecca. Ali al-Naimi remained the minister of petroleum and mineral resources, as did Saud al-Faisal of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ibrahim Al-Assaf as finance minister. Salman also "gave a bonus of two months' salary to all Saudi state employees and military personnel", including pensioners and students, while also asking citizens to "not forget me in your prayers".

    In February 2015, Prince Salman received Charles, Prince of Wales, during his six-day tour in the Middle East. They "exchanged cordial talks and reviewed bilateral relations" between the countries.

    In April 2021, Prince Mishaal bin Majid Al Saud, who has been the governor of Jeddah since 1997, was appointed as adviser to King Salman with the rank of minister.

    Early reforms

    One of the first things the King and his son, Mohammed bin Salman, did was to streamline the government bureaucracy. On the death of King Abdullah, there were as many as eleven government secretariats, and all of these were abolished and reconstituted as only two, the Council of Political and Security Affairs (CPSA), headed by Deputy Crown prince Mohammed bin Nayef, and the Council for Economic and Development Affairs (CEDA), headed by the Secretary-General of the Royal Court, Prince Mohammed bin Salman, who was given free rein to completely reorganize the government and cementing the power of the Sudairi faction, to which both princes belong.

    Yemen military intervention

    image
    King Salman and Narendra Modi of India, 16 November 2015.

    In March 2015, the king ordered the bombing of Yemen and military intervention against the Shia Houthis and forces loyal to former President Ali Abdullah Saleh, who was deposed in the 2011 uprising. He first put together a coalition of ten Sunni Muslim countries. Code-named Operation Decisive Storm, this was the first time the Saudi Air Force had launched airstrikes against another country since the 1990–91 Gulf War.[citation needed]

    According to Farea Al-Muslim, direct war crimes have been committed during the conflict; for example, an IDP camp was hit by a Saudi airstrike.Human Rights Watch (HRW) wrote that the Saudi-led air campaign had conducted airstrikes in apparent violation of the laws of war. Human rights groups have also criticized Saudi Arabia for the alleged use of cluster bombs against Yemeni civilians. In 2022, Saudi airstrikes at a prison in Northern Yemen killed at least 70 people and knocked out the country's internet access. The UN estimated that by the end of the year 2021, the death toll of the war on Yemen had reached 377,000 people and could reach 1.3 million people by 2030.

    Crown Prince changes

    In April 2015, three months after becoming king, Salman appointed a full nephew, Muhammad bin Nayef, as the new Crown Prince to replace his youngest brother Prince Muqrin. Furthermore, he made his son, Mohammed bin Salman, the Deputy Crown Prince. Almost all powers under the king were concentrated in the hands of the crown prince and deputy crown prince, both of whom held the portfolio determining all security and economic development issues in Saudi Arabia.

    King Salman then removed Muhammad bin Nayef from the line of succession to the Saudi throne on 21 June 2017 and designated his son Mohammed bin Salman as the new crown prince. At the same time, King Salman removed Muhammad bin Nayef from his other positions in the Saudi government. Mohammad bin Salman has been described as the power behind the throne.

    KSRelief

    In May 2015, the King Salman Center for Relief and Humanitarian Aid (KSRelief) was established to deliver aid internationally to victims of civil war and natural disaster, working with the UN and other agencies. As of June 2018, KSRelief has implemented more than 400 individual projects in 40 countries at a cost of $1.8 billion. Moreover, in 2018, KSRelief assisted 180,555 Syrian patients living in Zataari Syrian refugees camp in Jordan. In 2019, KSRelief signed a memorandum of cooperation with UNICEF that aims at enhancing cooperation in the humanitarian field, exchanging knowledge, sharing experiences, promoting voluntary work and boosting capacity building programs. Until 2019, the center provided 1,839 Yemeni civilians wounded during the war with prosthetic limbs for a total amount of $2.3 million.

    In its ongoing efforts to support the people of Yemen, KSRelief organized a vocational training program to train women in Yemen to enable them to earn money for themselves and their families. In a similar context, under the umbrella of the UN, KSRelief has led an international team to implement a rehabilitation project for the children affected by war in Yemen. Moreover, as part of the 40th session of the UN Human Rights Council, KSRelief organized an event entitled: Children and the Humanitarian Crisis in Yemen where it presented a number of facts and figures related to the amount of assistance provided by the center to the people of Yemen. This includes the implementation of 328 projects for an amount of $2 billion. Furthermore, in 2018 alone, KSRelief provided medical services to 2,501,897 Yemenis.

    In 2019, KSRelief signed a number of agreements with different civil society organizations to implement relief projects for the benefit of Palestinian and Syrian refugees as well as the host Lebanese community. KSRelief signed an agreement with the UNHCR to support the families affected by war for an amount of $5 million. Another agreement with IOM was signed to help Syrian refugees under the poverty line for an amount of $3.8 million.

    In 2020, KSRelief confirmed that it will be rebuilding the camp of Syrian refugees that had been destroyed during the fighting of local youth and camp residents. They also covered the needs of the refugees.

    In 2021, KSRelief and UNESCO planned to launch the Kodrat project which aims to support Lebanon teachers through the creation of an online self-learning platform. At an estimated cost of $887,000, the one-year project will directly train about 1,000 teachers and 50 trainers from 100 Lebanese public schools affected by the Beirut explosion.

    In 2022, KSRelief continued its relief efforts to ensure food security for refugees in Lebanon, Sudan, Bangladesh, and Yemen.

    In 2023, KSRelief provided treatment services to people of Yemen. In 2024, KSRelief continued its food security project in Sudan to aid more than 4,000 individuals. It also carried out humanitarian projects in Lebanon and Indonesia.

    Human rights

    image
    Vladimir Putin and King Salman in Kremlin, Moscow, 2017

    In February 2012, Ali Mohammed Baqir al-Nimr was arrested for participating in, and encouraging, pro-democracy protests, when he was 16 or 17 years old. In May 2014, Ali Al-Nimr was sentenced to be executed, despite the minimum age for execution being 18 when a crime is committed. Ali Al-Nimr has reported being tortured in detention. As of 23 September 2015, the sentence awaited ratification by King Salman.

    In February 2015, a man from Hafar al-Batin was sentenced to death for rejecting the religion of Islam. In June 2015, Saudi Arabia's Supreme Court upheld the sentence of 1,000 lashes and 10 years in prison for Raif Badawi, a Saudi Arabian blogger who was imprisoned in 2012 after being charged for 'insulting Islam'.

    In April 2020, the Saudi Supreme Court stated under a royal decree made by King Salman that minors who commit crimes will no longer face execution, but would be sentenced to imprisonment in a juvenile detention facility for a maximum of 10 years.

    Iran and Syria

    image
    Jair Bolsonaro of Brazil and King Salman in October 2019

    In 2015, US Defense Secretary Ashton Carter met with King Salman and his Arabian military counterpart, Deputy Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, at Jeddah to answer regional security concerns in the Kingdom and the Gulf states over lifting Iranian economic and conventional military sanctions as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action outlines. The King has misgivings over the deal since it would increase the regional power of Iran especially in the proxy conflicts in Syria, Yemen, and elsewhere. In January 2016, Saudi Arabia executed the prominent Saudi Shia cleric Sheikh Nimr. Iran warned that the House of Saud would pay a high price for the execution of Sheikh Nimr by God's will.

    Saudi Arabia has emerged as the main group to finance and arm the rebels fighting against the Syrian government. Saudi Arabia openly backed the Army of Conquest, an umbrella rebel group that reportedly included an al-Qaeda linked al-Nusra Front and another Salafi coalition known as Ahrar al-Sham.

    In May 2019, leaders of Gulf and Arab states held two emergency summits in Mecca to present a united front to Iran. Salman accused Iran of threatening global oil supplies and shipping at a meeting of Arab leaders that called on the international community to confront Tehran following attacks on shipping and rising tensions in the oil-rich region. Salman said "what the Iranian regime is doing, from intervening in regional countries' affairs and developing its nuclear program, threatening global maritime traffic and global oil supplies, is a blatant violation of the treaties and principles of the United Nations." He urged the international community should "use all means to deter this regime."

    Normalization of ties with Israel

    In the late 2010s and early 2020s under King Salman, Saudi Arabia engaged in attempts to normalize relations with Israel. Saudi Arabia engaged in such efforts in order to forge a defensive alliance against Iranian threats against Saudi Arabia, either directly or indirectly through Iranian proxies such as the Houthis in Yemen.

    Panama Papers revelations

    King Salman has been implicated in the Panama Papers leaks, with two companies originating in the British Virgin Islands taking mortgages in excess of US$34 million to purchase property in central London. His role has not been specified. The then-Crown Prince Muhammad bin Nayef has also been named in association with the Papers.

    Later reforms

    Further government reforms took place in June 2018, when Salman replaced the labor and Islamic affairs ministers. The appointment of businessman Ahmed al-Rajhi as labor minister signalled a growing role for private sector expertise in the Saudi government. The new minister for Islamic affairs, Abdullatif al-Alsheikh, had previously been credited with reining in the power of the religious police. At the same time Salman ordered the establishment of the Ministry of Culture, with responsibility for delivering Saudi Vision 2030's cultural goals; and the Council of Royal Reserves, tasked with environmental protection.

    In September 2022, the King resigned from the post of prime minister, handing this role to his son Mohammed.

    Influence

    image
    Salman, US President Donald Trump, and Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi touching a glowing globe at the 2017 Riyadh summit.

    Salman was often a mediator in settling royal conflicts among the extended Al Saud family – estimated at 4,000 princes. He was a prominent figure of the royal council, which allowed him to select which princes would be delegated which responsibilities of the Kingdom.

    Salman and his family own a media group, including pan-Arab daily Asharq Al-Awsat and Al Eqtisadiah.[citation needed] Though he owns only ten percent of the Saudi Research and Marketing Group (SRMG), he is often referred by auditors as its owner.[citation needed] He reportedly controlled the organization through his son Prince Faisal,[citation needed] who is a former chairman of the concern. The SRMG publishes such daily papers as Arab News, Asharq Al-Awsat and Al Eqtisadiah through its subsidiary Saudi Research and Publishing Company (SRPC).

    In a similar vein, Salman is reported to have some strong alliances with significant journalists. He is said to be close to Al Arabiya TV director and Asharq Al-Awsat journalist Abdelrahman Al Rashid and to Othman Al Omeir, who launched and is the owner of the liberal e-newspaper Elaph. King Salman is thought to have connections with the Elaph website.

    Views

    image
    Prince Salman takes part in the Saudi Arabian traditional dance in the 1960s.

    Salman holds traditional views with regard to political reforms and social change. In November 2002, in reference to charitable organizations accused of terrorism (e.g. al-Haramain Foundation, Saudi High Commission for Relief of Bosnia and Herzegovina), he stated that he had personally taken part in the activities of such organizations, but added "I know the assistance goes to doing good. But if there are those who change some work of charity into evil activities, then it is not the Kingdom's responsibility, nor its people, which helps its Arab and Muslim brothers around the world."

    Personal life

    Marriages and issue

    Salman bin Abdulaziz has been married thrice and has at least thirteen children, including twelve sons.

    Salman's first wife was his first cousin Sultana bint Turki Al Sudairi, daughter of his maternal uncle Turki bin Ahmad Al Sudairi, a former governor of Asir Province. They were married in 1954, when Salman was 18 years old and Sultana was 13 or 14. She bore him six children, including his only known daughter. Two adult sons died during the couple's lifetimes. Sultana died on 30 July 2011. Their children were:

    • Prince Fahd (1955–2001). Salman was only 19 years old when he became a father with the birth of Fahd in 1955. Fahd married a cousin and was the father of four children. A businessman and horse-breeder, he died of heart failure aged 47 in July 2001. After his death, his mother extended generous patronage in his memory to an existing, struggling charity, which then renamed itself The Prince Fahd bin Salman Charitable Society for the Care of Kidney Patients. Fahd's brother Abdulaziz has taken over patronage of that charity after the death of their mother.
    • Prince Sultan (born 1956). He became the first person of royal blood, the first Arab, and first Muslim to fly to outer space when he flew aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery (STS-51-G) in June 1985. Sultan bin Salman is currently the chairman of the Saudi Space Commission. Prince Sultan bin Salman was formerly the chairman of the Saudi Commission for Tourism and Antiquities (SCTA), which later was changed to be the Ministry of Tourism.
    • Prince Ahmed (1958–2002), died of a heart attack in July 2002 aged 43.
    • Prince Abdulaziz (b. 1960). He has been the deputy minister of oil since 1995, then the minister of Energy since 2019.
    • Prince Faisal (b. 1970). He is the governor of Madinah province.
    • Princess Hassa (b. 1974), Salman's only known daughter. On 28 May 2021, she was married to a cousin, Fahd bin Saad Al Saud, at the Royal Sea Place in Jeddah.

    Salman's second wife was Sarah bint Faisal Al Subai'ai, whom he divorced. The relatively brief marriage produced one son:

    • Prince Saud (b. 1986).

    Salman's third wife is Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain, granddaughter of Rakan bin Hithlain and great-granddaughter of Dhaydan bin Hithlain, leaders of the Al Ajman tribe. She has six sons with Salman:

    • Prince Mohammed (b. 1985), Crown Prince and Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia. He was Salman's private adviser at the Ministry of Defense and at the Crown Prince Court. Upon Salman's accession to the throne in January 2015, he was appointed minister of defense and head of the royal court. Later he was named crown prince.
    • Prince Turki (b. 1987). He became the chairman of the Saudi Research and Marketing Group in February 2013, replacing his elder half-brother Faisal.
    • Prince Khalid (b. 1988), Minister of Defence of Saudi Arabia since 2022
    • Prince Nayef
    • Prince Bandar
    • Prince Rakan

    Personality

    Salman was the closest brother to Crown Prince Sultan, having remained at his side during his constant illness and recovery in New York City and Morocco, from 2008 to 2011. Prince Sultan described him as "the prince of loyalty" in a letter sent to him. Salman was also King Fahd's most trusted adviser during his reign.

    His legal counsel was William Jeffress Jr., of U.S.-based firm Baker Botts LLP, in a lawsuit filed by families of victims of the September 11 attacks from 2002 to 2010.

    In August 2010, Salman underwent spinal surgery in the United States and remained out of the kingdom for recovery. He has had one stroke and, despite receiving physiotherapy, his left arm does not work as well as his right. It has been reported that Salman has mild vascular dementia, in addition to reports of Alzheimer's dementia.

    U.S. intelligence officials believe that King Salman has been kept apart from his wife Princess Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain for several years, on the orders of their son Prince Mohammed bin Salman.

    Salman received the Lifetime Achievement Award of the Al-Turath Charity Foundation in the field of urban heritage in 2013. In 2017, Salman pledged US$15,000,000 for Rohingya Muslim refugees in Bangladesh.

    In July 2020, King Salman underwent successful gallbladder surgery.

    In May 2024, it was reported that King Salman had a lung infection and would be taking antibiotics.

    Honours

    Country Collar Order Year Ref.
    image Bahrain image Collar of the Order of Sheikh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa 2017
    image Brunei image Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei (D.K.M.B.) 2017
    image Djibouti image Grand Cordon of the 2015
    image Egypt image Collar of the Order of the Nile 2016
    image Guinea image Grand Cordon of the National Order of Merit 2015
    image Indonesia image First Class of the Star of the Republic of Indonesia 2017
    image Japan image Grand Cordon of the Order of the Chrysanthemum 2017
    image Jordan image Collar of the Order of Al-Hussein bin Ali 2017
    image Kuwait image Collar of the Order of Mubarak the Great 2016
    image Kuwait image Collar of the Order of Kuwait 2016
    image Malaysia image Honorary Commander of the Order of the Defender of the Realm (P.M.N.) 1982
    image Malaysia image Recipient of the Most Exalted Order of the Crown of the Realm (D.M.N.) 2017
    image Mexico image Collar of the Order of the Aztec Eagle 2016
    image Morocco image Collar of the Order of Muhammad 2016
    image Morocco image Grand Cordon of the Order of Ouissam Alaouite 1987
    image Niger image Grand Cross of the  [fr] 2015
    image Pakistan image First Class of the Nishan-e-Pakistan 2015
    image Oman image Grand Cordon with Collar of the Order of Al-Said 2021
    image Palestine image Grand Collar of the State of Palestine 2015
    image Senegal image Grand Cordon of the  [fr] 1999
    image Sierra Leone image Collar of the Order of the Republic 2017
    image Spain image Grand Cross of the Order of Civil Merit 1974
    image Tunisia image Grand Cordon of the Order of the Republic 2019
    image Turkey image Collar of the Order of the State of Republic of Turkey 2016
    image Yemen image Grand Cordon of the 2001
    image UAE image Collar of the Order of Zayed 2016
    image Ukraine image Collar of the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise 2017
    image Kazakhstan image Grand Collar of the Order of the Golden Eagle 2022

    See also

    • List of rulers of Saudi Arabia
    • List of things named after Saudi Kings § Salman
    • Succession to the Saudi Arabian throne

    References

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    External links

    • image Media related to Salman of Saudi Arabia at Wikimedia Commons
    • "Shifting Sands and the Gulf" on Sulayman's transition as King
    • "King Salman Royal Profile" by Royal Families of the World
    • Appearances on C-SPAN
    Salman
    House of Saud
    Born: 31 December 1935
    Regnal titles
    Preceded by
    Abdullah
    		 King of Saudi Arabia
    2015–present     		Incumbent
    Heir apparent:
    Mohammed bin Salman
    Saudi Arabian royalty
    Preceded by
    Nayef bin Abdulaziz
    		 Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
    2012–2015     		Succeeded by
    Muqrin bin Abdulaziz
    Political offices
    Preceded by
    Abdullah
    		 Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
    2015–2022     		Succeeded by
    Mohammed bin Salman
    Preceded by
    Badr bin Saud
    		 Governor of Riyadh Region
    1963–2011     		Succeeded by
    Sattam bin Abdulaziz
    Preceded by
    Sultan bin Abdulaziz
    		 Minister of Defense
    2011–2015     		Succeeded by
    Mohammed bin Salman

    Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud Arabic سلمان بن عبد العزيز آل سعود born 31 December 1935 has been King of Saudi Arabia since 2015 and was Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2022 He is the 25th son of King Abdulaziz the founder of Saudi Arabia He assumed the throne on 23 January 2015 Prior to his accession he was Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia from 18 June 2012 to 23 January 2015 Salman is the third oldest living head of state the oldest living monarch and Saudi Arabia s first head of state born after the unification of Saudi Arabia He has a reported personal wealth of at least 18 billion which makes him the third wealthiest royal in the world SalmanCustodian of the Two Holy MosquesSalman in 2020King of Saudi ArabiaReign23 January 2015 presentBay ah23 January 2015PredecessorAbdullahCrown PrincesMuqrin bin Abdulaziz 2015 Muhammad bin Nayef 2015 2017 Mohammed bin Salman 2017 present Prime Minister of Saudi ArabiaIn office 23 January 2015 27 September 2022Preceded byAbdullah bin AbdulazizSucceeded byMohammed bin SalmanCrown Prince of Saudi Arabia Deputy Prime MinisterIn office 18 June 2012 23 January 2015MonarchAbdullah bin AbdulazizPrime MinisterAbdullah bin AbdulazizPreceded byNayef bin AbdulazizSucceeded byMuqrin bin AbdulazizMinister of DefenseIn office 5 November 2011 23 January 2015Prime MinisterKing AbdullahPreceded bySultan bin AbdulazizSucceeded byMohammed bin SalmanGovernor of Riyadh ProvinceIn office 5 February 1963 5 November 2011Appointed byKing SaudPreceded byBadr bin SaudSucceeded bySattam bin AbdulazizIn office 18 April 1955 22 September 1960Appointed byKing SaudPreceded byNayef bin AbdulazizSucceeded byFawwaz bin AbdulazizDeputy Governor of Riyadh ProvinceIn office 16 March 1954 18 April 1955Appointed byKing SaudPreceded byNayef bin AbdulazizSucceeded byTurki II bin AbdulazizBorn 1935 12 31 31 December 1935 age 89 Riyadh Saudi ArabiaSpousesSultana bint Turki Al Sudairi m 1954 died 2011 wbr Sarah bint Faisal Al Subai ai divorced Fahda bint Falah Al HithlainIssue DetailList Prince FahdPrince SultanPrince AhmedPrince AbdulazizPrince FaisalPrincess HassaCrown Prince MohammedPrince SaudPrince TurkiPrince KhalidPrince NayefPrince BandarPrince RakanNamesSalman bin Abdulaziz bin Abdul RahmanHouseAl SaudFatherAbdulaziz of Saudi ArabiaMotherHassa bint Ahmed Al SudairiSignature Salman is a son of King Abdulaziz and Hassa bint Ahmed Al Sudairi making him one of the Sudairi Seven He was the deputy governor of Riyadh and later the governor of Riyadh for 48 years from 1963 to 2011 He was then appointed minister of defense He was named crown prince in 2012 Salman became king in 2015 upon the death of his half brother King Abdullah Since January 2024 he is the oldest surviving son of King Abdulaziz Salman s major initiatives as king include the Saudi intervention in the Yemeni Civil War Saudi Vision 2030 and a 2017 decree allowing Saudi women to drive His seventh son Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman is considered the de facto ruler of Saudi Arabia due to the King s poor health and Mohammed s own political maneuvering Mohammed replaced his father as prime minister in 2022 Early lifeSalman was born on 31 December 1935 and is reported to be the 25th son of King Abdulaziz the first monarch and founder of Saudi Arabia Salman and his six full brothers make up the Sudairi Seven He was raised in the Murabba Palace Salman received his early education at the Princes School in the capital city of Riyadh a school established by King Abdulaziz specifically to provide education for his children He studied religion and modern science RiyadhSalman was appointed Deputy Governor of Riyadh Province on 17 March 1954 aged 18 and held the post until 19 April 1955 He was appointed the governor of the same province on 5 February 1963 and remained in that office until 5 November 2011 a period of almost half a century Salman in his youth As governor Salman contributed to the development of Riyadh from a mid sized town into a major urban metropolis He served as an important liaison to attract tourism capital projects and foreign investment to his country He favored political and economic relationships with the West During his governorship Salman recruited advisors from King Saud University During Salman s five decades as Riyadh governor he became adept at managing the delicate balance of clerical tribal and princely interests that determine Saudi policy He was also the chairman of the King Abdulaziz Foundation for Research and Archives KAFRA King Abdulaziz Museum the Prince Salman Center for Disability Research and the Prince Fahd bin Salman Charitable Society for the Care of Kidney Patients Salman also undertook several foreign tours while he was governor In 1974 he visited Kuwait Bahrain and Qatar to strengthen Saudi Arabia s relationship with those nations During his visit to Montreal Canada in 1991 he inaugurated a gallery In 1996 he was received in the Elysee Palace in Paris by the then French president Jacques Chirac The same year he toured Bosnia and Herzegovina to give donations to the Muslim citizens of the country Being a part of an Asian tour in 1998 Salman visited Pakistan Japan Brunei and China According to The Washington Post the late Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi criticized Prince Salman then governor of Riyadh and head of the Saudi committee for support to the Afghan mujahideen for unwisely funding Salafist extremist groups that were undermining the war in Afghanistan against the Soviets Under Salman Riyadh became one of the richest cities in the Middle East and an important place for trade and commerce citation needed There were also infrastructural advances including schools universities and sports stadiums About the province he said Every village or town in the Riyadh Region is dear to me and holds a special place in my heart I witnessed every step taken by the city of Riyadh and for this reason it is difficult for me to think about being far away from Riyadh Second in linePrince Salman at the Pentagon in April 2012 On 5 November 2011 Salman was appointed Minister of Defense replacing his full brother the Crown Prince Sultan Sattam bin Abdulaziz was named governor of Riyadh Province Salman was also named a member of the National Security Council NSC on the same day It is speculated that he was placed in the immediate line of succession due to his personal qualities First he has a conciliatory and diplomatic nature He headed the family council called The Descendants Council Majlis al Uthra in Arabic that was established by King Fahd in 2000 to solve family matters reach consensus and try to avoid any publicly embarrassing behaviour by some family members Second Salman belongs to the middle generation in the royal family therefore he could develop close ties with both generations socially and culturally Last due to his long term governorship he had developed a network of relationships within Arab and international circles Salman continued the policy of military intervention in Bahrain In April 2012 Salman visited both the United States and the United Kingdom where he met with US President Barack Obama and British Prime Minister David Cameron 2013 saw Saudi military spending climb to 67billion overtaking that of the UK France and Japan to place fourth globally As defense minister Salman was head of the military as Saudi Arabia joined the United States and other Arab countries in carrying out airstrikes against the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria in 2014 Crown PrinceCrown Prince Salman meeting US Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel 23 April 2013 On 18 June 2012 Salman was appointed as Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia shortly after the death of his brother Crown Prince Nayef bin Abdulaziz Prince Salman was also made First Deputy Prime minister His nomination as crown prince and deputy prime minister was seen by some as a signal that King Abdullah s cautious reforms were likely to continue On the other hand Saudi reformists stated that while Prince Salman in contrast to other Saudi royals took a more diplomatic approach towards them he could not be considered a political reformer They also argued that like King Abdullah Salman focused mainly on economic improvement rather than political change On 27 August 2012 the Royal Court announced that Salman was in charge of state affairs whilst King Abdullah was out of the country Prince Salman launched a Twitter account on 23 February 2013 In September 2012 Salman was named as the deputy chairman of the military service council He is a strong advocate for philanthropy in poor Muslim nations such as Somalia Sudan and Afghanistan ReignUS President Barack Obama shakes hands with King Salman Riyadh 27 January 2015 On 23 January 2015 Salman aged 79 inherited the throne after his half brother Abdullah died of pneumonia at the age of 90 The new king issued a statement which read His Highness Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud and all members of the family and the nation mourn Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz who passed away at exactly 1 am this morning He appointed his younger half brother Muqrin bin Abdulaziz as Crown Prince Salman at the 2015 G20 Summit in Turkey 15 September 2015 After coming to power Salman reshuffled the cabinet on 30 January 2015 Khalid bin Ali bin Abdullah al Humaidan was made the intelligence chief Prince Bandar bin Sultan was removed from his post in the security council and the adviser to the monarch was also removed as were the former monarch s sons Turki as governor of Riyadh and Mishaal as governor of Mecca Ali al Naimi remained the minister of petroleum and mineral resources as did Saud al Faisal of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ibrahim Al Assaf as finance minister Salman also gave a bonus of two months salary to all Saudi state employees and military personnel including pensioners and students while also asking citizens to not forget me in your prayers In February 2015 Prince Salman received Charles Prince of Wales during his six day tour in the Middle East They exchanged cordial talks and reviewed bilateral relations between the countries In April 2021 Prince Mishaal bin Majid Al Saud who has been the governor of Jeddah since 1997 was appointed as adviser to King Salman with the rank of minister Early reforms One of the first things the King and his son Mohammed bin Salman did was to streamline the government bureaucracy On the death of King Abdullah there were as many as eleven government secretariats and all of these were abolished and reconstituted as only two the Council of Political and Security Affairs CPSA headed by Deputy Crown prince Mohammed bin Nayef and the Council for Economic and Development Affairs CEDA headed by the Secretary General of the Royal Court Prince Mohammed bin Salman who was given free rein to completely reorganize the government and cementing the power of the Sudairi faction to which both princes belong Yemen military intervention King Salman and Narendra Modi of India 16 November 2015 In March 2015 the king ordered the bombing of Yemen and military intervention against the Shia Houthis and forces loyal to former President Ali Abdullah Saleh who was deposed in the 2011 uprising He first put together a coalition of ten Sunni Muslim countries Code named Operation Decisive Storm this was the first time the Saudi Air Force had launched airstrikes against another country since the 1990 91 Gulf War citation needed According to Farea Al Muslim direct war crimes have been committed during the conflict for example an IDP camp was hit by a Saudi airstrike Human Rights Watch HRW wrote that the Saudi led air campaign had conducted airstrikes in apparent violation of the laws of war Human rights groups have also criticized Saudi Arabia for the alleged use of cluster bombs against Yemeni civilians In 2022 Saudi airstrikes at a prison in Northern Yemen killed at least 70 people and knocked out the country s internet access The UN estimated that by the end of the year 2021 the death toll of the war on Yemen had reached 377 000 people and could reach 1 3 million people by 2030 Crown Prince changes In April 2015 three months after becoming king Salman appointed a full nephew Muhammad bin Nayef as the new Crown Prince to replace his youngest brother Prince Muqrin Furthermore he made his son Mohammed bin Salman the Deputy Crown Prince Almost all powers under the king were concentrated in the hands of the crown prince and deputy crown prince both of whom held the portfolio determining all security and economic development issues in Saudi Arabia King Salman then removed Muhammad bin Nayef from the line of succession to the Saudi throne on 21 June 2017 and designated his son Mohammed bin Salman as the new crown prince At the same time King Salman removed Muhammad bin Nayef from his other positions in the Saudi government Mohammad bin Salman has been described as the power behind the throne KSRelief In May 2015 the King Salman Center for Relief and Humanitarian Aid KSRelief was established to deliver aid internationally to victims of civil war and natural disaster working with the UN and other agencies As of June 2018 KSRelief has implemented more than 400 individual projects in 40 countries at a cost of 1 8 billion Moreover in 2018 KSRelief assisted 180 555 Syrian patients living in Zataari Syrian refugees camp in Jordan In 2019 KSRelief signed a memorandum of cooperation with UNICEF that aims at enhancing cooperation in the humanitarian field exchanging knowledge sharing experiences promoting voluntary work and boosting capacity building programs Until 2019 the center provided 1 839 Yemeni civilians wounded during the war with prosthetic limbs for a total amount of 2 3 million In its ongoing efforts to support the people of Yemen KSRelief organized a vocational training program to train women in Yemen to enable them to earn money for themselves and their families In a similar context under the umbrella of the UN KSRelief has led an international team to implement a rehabilitation project for the children affected by war in Yemen Moreover as part of the 40th session of the UN Human Rights Council KSRelief organized an event entitled Children and the Humanitarian Crisis in Yemen where it presented a number of facts and figures related to the amount of assistance provided by the center to the people of Yemen This includes the implementation of 328 projects for an amount of 2 billion Furthermore in 2018 alone KSRelief provided medical services to 2 501 897 Yemenis In 2019 KSRelief signed a number of agreements with different civil society organizations to implement relief projects for the benefit of Palestinian and Syrian refugees as well as the host Lebanese community KSRelief signed an agreement with the UNHCR to support the families affected by war for an amount of 5 million Another agreement with IOM was signed to help Syrian refugees under the poverty line for an amount of 3 8 million In 2020 KSRelief confirmed that it will be rebuilding the camp of Syrian refugees that had been destroyed during the fighting of local youth and camp residents They also covered the needs of the refugees In 2021 KSRelief and UNESCO planned to launch the Kodrat project which aims to support Lebanon teachers through the creation of an online self learning platform At an estimated cost of 887 000 the one year project will directly train about 1 000 teachers and 50 trainers from 100 Lebanese public schools affected by the Beirut explosion In 2022 KSRelief continued its relief efforts to ensure food security for refugees in Lebanon Sudan Bangladesh and Yemen In 2023 KSRelief provided treatment services to people of Yemen In 2024 KSRelief continued its food security project in Sudan to aid more than 4 000 individuals It also carried out humanitarian projects in Lebanon and Indonesia Human rights Vladimir Putin and King Salman in Kremlin Moscow 2017 In February 2012 Ali Mohammed Baqir al Nimr was arrested for participating in and encouraging pro democracy protests when he was 16 or 17 years old In May 2014 Ali Al Nimr was sentenced to be executed despite the minimum age for execution being 18 when a crime is committed Ali Al Nimr has reported being tortured in detention As of 23 September 2015 the sentence awaited ratification by King Salman In February 2015 a man from Hafar al Batin was sentenced to death for rejecting the religion of Islam In June 2015 Saudi Arabia s Supreme Court upheld the sentence of 1 000 lashes and 10 years in prison for Raif Badawi a Saudi Arabian blogger who was imprisoned in 2012 after being charged for insulting Islam In April 2020 the Saudi Supreme Court stated under a royal decree made by King Salman that minors who commit crimes will no longer face execution but would be sentenced to imprisonment in a juvenile detention facility for a maximum of 10 years Iran and Syria Jair Bolsonaro of Brazil and King Salman in October 2019 In 2015 US Defense Secretary Ashton Carter met with King Salman and his Arabian military counterpart Deputy Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman at Jeddah to answer regional security concerns in the Kingdom and the Gulf states over lifting Iranian economic and conventional military sanctions as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action outlines The King has misgivings over the deal since it would increase the regional power of Iran especially in the proxy conflicts in Syria Yemen and elsewhere In January 2016 Saudi Arabia executed the prominent Saudi Shia cleric Sheikh Nimr Iran warned that the House of Saud would pay a high price for the execution of Sheikh Nimr by God s will Saudi Arabia has emerged as the main group to finance and arm the rebels fighting against the Syrian government Saudi Arabia openly backed the Army of Conquest an umbrella rebel group that reportedly included an al Qaeda linked al Nusra Front and another Salafi coalition known as Ahrar al Sham In May 2019 leaders of Gulf and Arab states held two emergency summits in Mecca to present a united front to Iran Salman accused Iran of threatening global oil supplies and shipping at a meeting of Arab leaders that called on the international community to confront Tehran following attacks on shipping and rising tensions in the oil rich region Salman said what the Iranian regime is doing from intervening in regional countries affairs and developing its nuclear program threatening global maritime traffic and global oil supplies is a blatant violation of the treaties and principles of the United Nations He urged the international community should use all means to deter this regime Normalization of ties with Israel In the late 2010s and early 2020s under King Salman Saudi Arabia engaged in attempts to normalize relations with Israel Saudi Arabia engaged in such efforts in order to forge a defensive alliance against Iranian threats against Saudi Arabia either directly or indirectly through Iranian proxies such as the Houthis in Yemen Panama Papers revelations King Salman has been implicated in the Panama Papers leaks with two companies originating in the British Virgin Islands taking mortgages in excess of US 34 million to purchase property in central London His role has not been specified The then Crown Prince Muhammad bin Nayef has also been named in association with the Papers Later reforms Further government reforms took place in June 2018 when Salman replaced the labor and Islamic affairs ministers The appointment of businessman Ahmed al Rajhi as labor minister signalled a growing role for private sector expertise in the Saudi government The new minister for Islamic affairs Abdullatif al Alsheikh had previously been credited with reining in the power of the religious police At the same time Salman ordered the establishment of the Ministry of Culture with responsibility for delivering Saudi Vision 2030 s cultural goals and the Council of Royal Reserves tasked with environmental protection In September 2022 the King resigned from the post of prime minister handing this role to his son Mohammed InfluenceSalman US President Donald Trump and Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el Sisi touching a glowing globe at the 2017 Riyadh summit Salman was often a mediator in settling royal conflicts among the extended Al Saud family estimated at 4 000 princes He was a prominent figure of the royal council which allowed him to select which princes would be delegated which responsibilities of the Kingdom Salman and his family own a media group including pan Arab daily Asharq Al Awsat and Al Eqtisadiah citation needed Though he owns only ten percent of the Saudi Research and Marketing Group SRMG he is often referred by auditors as its owner citation needed He reportedly controlled the organization through his son Prince Faisal citation needed who is a former chairman of the concern The SRMG publishes such daily papers as Arab News Asharq Al Awsat and Al Eqtisadiah through its subsidiary Saudi Research and Publishing Company SRPC In a similar vein Salman is reported to have some strong alliances with significant journalists He is said to be close to Al Arabiya TV director and Asharq Al Awsat journalist Abdelrahman Al Rashid and to Othman Al Omeir who launched and is the owner of the liberal e newspaper Elaph King Salman is thought to have connections with the Elaph website ViewsPrince Salman takes part in the Saudi Arabian traditional dance in the 1960s Salman holds traditional views with regard to political reforms and social change In November 2002 in reference to charitable organizations accused of terrorism e g al Haramain Foundation Saudi High Commission for Relief of Bosnia and Herzegovina he stated that he had personally taken part in the activities of such organizations but added I know the assistance goes to doing good But if there are those who change some work of charity into evil activities then it is not the Kingdom s responsibility nor its people which helps its Arab and Muslim brothers around the world Personal lifeMarriages and issue Salman bin Abdulaziz has been married thrice and has at least thirteen children including twelve sons Salman s first wife was his first cousin Sultana bint Turki Al Sudairi daughter of his maternal uncle Turki bin Ahmad Al Sudairi a former governor of Asir Province They were married in 1954 when Salman was 18 years old and Sultana was 13 or 14 She bore him six children including his only known daughter Two adult sons died during the couple s lifetimes Sultana died on 30 July 2011 Their children were Prince Fahd 1955 2001 Salman was only 19 years old when he became a father with the birth of Fahd in 1955 Fahd married a cousin and was the father of four children A businessman and horse breeder he died of heart failure aged 47 in July 2001 After his death his mother extended generous patronage in his memory to an existing struggling charity which then renamed itself The Prince Fahd bin Salman Charitable Society for the Care of Kidney Patients Fahd s brother Abdulaziz has taken over patronage of that charity after the death of their mother Prince Sultan born 1956 He became the first person of royal blood the first Arab and first Muslim to fly to outer space when he flew aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery STS 51 G in June 1985 Sultan bin Salman is currently the chairman of the Saudi Space Commission Prince Sultan bin Salman was formerly the chairman of the Saudi Commission for Tourism and Antiquities SCTA which later was changed to be the Ministry of Tourism Prince Ahmed 1958 2002 died of a heart attack in July 2002 aged 43 Prince Abdulaziz b 1960 He has been the deputy minister of oil since 1995 then the minister of Energy since 2019 Prince Faisal b 1970 He is the governor of Madinah province Princess Hassa b 1974 Salman s only known daughter On 28 May 2021 she was married to a cousin Fahd bin Saad Al Saud at the Royal Sea Place in Jeddah Salman s second wife was Sarah bint Faisal Al Subai ai whom he divorced The relatively brief marriage produced one son Prince Saud b 1986 Salman s third wife is Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain granddaughter of Rakan bin Hithlain and great granddaughter of Dhaydan bin Hithlain leaders of the Al Ajman tribe She has six sons with Salman Prince Mohammed b 1985 Crown Prince and Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia He was Salman s private adviser at the Ministry of Defense and at the Crown Prince Court Upon Salman s accession to the throne in January 2015 he was appointed minister of defense and head of the royal court Later he was named crown prince Prince Turki b 1987 He became the chairman of the Saudi Research and Marketing Group in February 2013 replacing his elder half brother Faisal Prince Khalid b 1988 Minister of Defence of Saudi Arabia since 2022 Prince Nayef Prince Bandar Prince RakanPersonality Salman was the closest brother to Crown Prince Sultan having remained at his side during his constant illness and recovery in New York City and Morocco from 2008 to 2011 Prince Sultan described him as the prince of loyalty in a letter sent to him Salman was also King Fahd s most trusted adviser during his reign His legal counsel was William Jeffress Jr of U S based firm Baker Botts LLP in a lawsuit filed by families of victims of the September 11 attacks from 2002 to 2010 In August 2010 Salman underwent spinal surgery in the United States and remained out of the kingdom for recovery He has had one stroke and despite receiving physiotherapy his left arm does not work as well as his right It has been reported that Salman has mild vascular dementia in addition to reports of Alzheimer s dementia U S intelligence officials believe that King Salman has been kept apart from his wife Princess Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain for several years on the orders of their son Prince Mohammed bin Salman Salman received the Lifetime Achievement Award of the Al Turath Charity Foundation in the field of urban heritage in 2013 In 2017 Salman pledged US 15 000 000 for Rohingya Muslim refugees in Bangladesh In July 2020 King Salman underwent successful gallbladder surgery In May 2024 it was reported that King Salman had a lung infection and would be taking antibiotics HonoursCountry Collar Order Year Ref Bahrain Collar of the Order of Sheikh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa 2017 Brunei Royal Family Order of the Crown of Brunei D K M B 2017 Djibouti Grand Cordon of the 2015 Egypt Collar of the Order of the Nile 2016 Guinea Grand Cordon of the National Order of Merit 2015 Indonesia First Class of the Star of the Republic of Indonesia 2017 Japan Grand Cordon of the Order of the Chrysanthemum 2017 Jordan Collar of the Order of Al Hussein bin Ali 2017 Kuwait Collar of the Order of Mubarak the Great 2016 Kuwait Collar of the Order of Kuwait 2016 Malaysia Honorary Commander of the Order of the Defender of the Realm P M N 1982 Malaysia Recipient of the Most Exalted Order of the Crown of the Realm D M N 2017 Mexico Collar of the Order of the Aztec Eagle 2016 Morocco Collar of the Order of Muhammad 2016 Morocco Grand Cordon of the Order of Ouissam Alaouite 1987 Niger Grand Cross of the fr 2015 Pakistan First Class of the Nishan e Pakistan 2015 Oman Grand Cordon with Collar of the Order of Al Said 2021 Palestine Grand Collar of the State of Palestine 2015 Senegal Grand Cordon of the fr 1999 Sierra Leone Collar of the Order of the Republic 2017 Spain Grand Cross of the Order of Civil Merit 1974 Tunisia Grand Cordon of the Order of the Republic 2019 Turkey Collar of the Order of the State of Republic of Turkey 2016 Yemen Grand Cordon of the 2001 UAE Collar of the Order of Zayed 2016 Ukraine Collar of the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise 2017 Kazakhstan Grand Collar of the Order of the Golden Eagle 2022See alsoList of rulers of Saudi Arabia List of things named after Saudi Kings Salman Succession to the Saudi Arabian throneReferences The power politics and possessions of the world s richest royals www 9news com au 3 March 2021 Retrieved 27 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from the original on 16 May 2021 Retrieved 20 February 2022 Sultan Haitham and King Salman hold talks in NEOM during Saudi Arabia visit Arab News 11 July 2021 Archived from the original on 15 February 2023 Retrieved 11 July 2021 Mahmoud Abbas and King Salman bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud Archived from the original on 19 September 2020 Retrieved 15 February 2023 King Salman awarded medal of honor Archived from the original on 15 May 2021 Retrieved 15 February 2023 Otras disposiciones PDF Archived PDF from the original on 9 December 2022 Retrieved 15 February 2023 King Salman Tunisian president hold talks oversee signing of two deals amp confer medals Saudi Gazette 29 March 2019 Archived from the original on 29 March 2019 Retrieved 18 February 2022 Colloqui ufficiali tra il Custode delle Due Sacre Moschee e il Presidente Erdogan nel corso della visita di Stato di Re Salman in Turchia Archived from the original on 24 February 2021 Retrieved 18 October 2022 King starts Gulf tour with UAE visit Arab News 3 December 2016 Archived from the original on 25 February 2021 Retrieved 17 February 2022 Riyadh Kiev cement relations with President Poroshenko s Saudi visit Arab News 2 November 2017 Archived from the original on 24 February 2021 Retrieved 17 February 2022 President Kassym Jomart Tokayev awards King of Saudi Arabia Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud with the Order of Altyn Kyran dknews kz 24 July 2022 Archived from the original on 30 November 2022 Retrieved 15 February 2023 External linksMedia related to Salman of Saudi Arabia at Wikimedia Commons Shifting Sands and the Gulf on Sulayman s transition as King King Salman Royal Profile by Royal Families of the World Appearances on C SPANSalmanHouse of SaudBorn 31 December 1935Regnal titlesPreceded byAbdullah King of Saudi Arabia 2015 present Incumbent Heir apparent Mohammed bin SalmanSaudi Arabian royaltyPreceded byNayef bin Abdulaziz Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia 2012 2015 Succeeded byMuqrin bin AbdulazizPolitical officesPreceded byAbdullah Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia 2015 2022 Succeeded byMohammed bin SalmanPreceded byBadr bin Saud Governor of Riyadh Region 1963 2011 Succeeded bySattam bin AbdulazizPreceded bySultan bin Abdulaziz Minister of Defense 2011 2015 Succeeded byMohammed bin Salman

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