Lenine Raion (Ukrainian: Ленінський район, Russian: Ленинский район) or Yedy-Kuiu Raion (Ukrainian: Єдикуйський район, romanized: Yedykuiskyi raion, Crimean Tatar: Yedi Quyu rayonı) was one of the twenty-five districts of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea in Ukraine until its abolition in 2020. It continues to be used by the Russian administration known as the Republic of Crimea, as Russia has occupied Crimea since 2014.
Lenine Raion Yedi Quyu rayonı | |
|---|---|
 Kazantyp, Lenine Raion | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Location within Crimea | |
| Country |  Ukraine (occupied by Russia) |
| Republic | Crimea |
| Established | January 1921 |
| Disestablished by Ukraine | July 2020 |
| Capital | Lenine |
| Subdivisions | List
|
| Area | |
• Total | 2,919 km2 (1,127 sq mi) |
| Population (2014) | |
• Total | 61,143 |
| • Density | 21/km2 (54/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Dialing code | +380-6557 |
The administrative centre of Lenine Raion is the urban-type settlement of Lenine, which is also known as Yedy-Kuiu. Population: 61,143 (2014 Census).
Geography
It is located in the eastern part of the peninsula. Populated places in the raion include: Cheliadinove, Ohonky, Kostyrine, Naberezhne, Frontove, Yehorove, and Zavitne.[citation needed]
History
20th century
The raion was formed in January 1921 as Petrovsky Raion. In July the same year, it was renamed Kerch Raion, with its center in Kerch. In October 1921, it was reorganized into of the Crimean Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic. It took on several forms throughout the following decade, eventually stably ending up as Lenine Raion, with its center in Lenine. In 1939, 12,945 people lived in Lenine Raion, and 17,599 people lived in Mayak-Salyn Raion, which would later become part of Lenine Raion. Both raions had multi-ethnic populations.
In 1941, the Soviet authorities deported all ethnic Germans from both Lenine Raion and Mayak-Salyn Raion. During World War II, the raion was occupied two times by Nazi Germany: first in November–December 1941 and second in May 1942–April 1944. The Nazis committed atrocities and human rights abuses against prisoners of war and the civilian population during this time. By the end of the fighting in Crimea, the populations of Lenine and Mayak-Salyn Raions had dropped to 12,945 and 17,599 people, respectively.
In May 1944, the Crimean Tatars - the indigenous peoples of the peninsula - were deported from Crimea by the Soviet authorities in a campaign of ethnic cleansing. In June the same year, other ethnicities were deported as well. Localities with indigenous Crimean Tatar names were renamed, to remove traces of the original inhabitants. In 1945, the Crimean ASSR was transformed into the Crimean Oblast of the Russian SFSR.
In 1954, the Crimean Oblast was internally transferred to the Ukrainian SSR. In 1962, Mayak-Salyn Raion was merged into Lenine Raion. In 1991, Ukraine became independent from the Soviet Union, causing a dispute over the status of Crimea within Ukraine. Lenine Raion became part of an interim polity known as the Republic of Crimea, as specifics were worked out. Eventually, the legal status was resolved, and Lenine Raion became part of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea within Ukraine in 1998.
21st century
In March 2014, Russia unilaterally and illegally annexed Crimea from Ukraine, and began using Lenine Raion as a subdivision of its self-proclaimed Republic of Crimea.
In 2016, Lenine Raion was renamed to Yedy Kuiu Raion by the Ukrainian government, in parallel with the renaming of Lenine to Yedy Kuiu. Yedy Kuiu, or in the Crimean Tatar language, Yedi Quyu, is the original native name of the town in the language of its indigenous population, the Crimean Tatars. Several other localities in the raion were also officially renamed to their indigenous names in the same reforms. However, the Russian occupation administration continues to use the communist names imposed in Soviet times.[citation needed]
In July 2020, Ukraine conducted an administrative reform throughout its de jure territory. This included Crimea. Among other changes, Yedi Kuiu Raion was abolished, and its territories merged into Kerch Raion; though, this has not yet been implemented due to the ongoing Russian occupation.
Demographics
As of the 2001 Ukrainian census, the raion had a population of 69,653 people. It had a slim majority of ethnic Russians (54.8%), with significant minorities of Ukrainians (22.9%), Crimean Tatars (15.5%), and Belarusians (1.3%). There were also small minorities of Armenians, Moldovans, Uzbeks, Greeks, and Germans.
As of 2014, the raion had a population of 61,143 people. The population of the district speaks 86% Russian, 9% Ukrainian, and 5% other languages.[citation needed]
References
- Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2014). "Таблица 1.3. Численность населения Крымского федерального округа, городских округов, муниципальных районов, городских и сельских поселений" [Table 1.3. Population of Crimean Federal District, Its Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts, Urban and Rural Settlements]. Федеральное статистическое наблюдение «Перепись населения в Крымском федеральном округе». ("Population Census in Crimean Federal District" Federal Statistical Examination) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 4, 2016.
- Rak, M. A. (2016-02-01). "Ленінський район". Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine (in Ukrainian). Vol. 17. Інститут енциклопедичних досліджень НАН України. ISBN 978-966-02-2074-4.
- "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів". Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2023-10-16.
45°17′51″N 35°46′26″E / 45.29750°N 35.77389°E
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Lenine Raion Ukrainian Leninskij rajon Russian Leninskij rajon or Yedy Kuiu Raion Ukrainian Yedikujskij rajon romanized Yedykuiskyi raion Crimean Tatar Yedi Quyu rayoni was one of the twenty five districts of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea in Ukraine until its abolition in 2020 It continues to be used by the Russian administration known as the Republic of Crimea as Russia has occupied Crimea since 2014 Lenine Raion Yedi Quyu rayoniRaionKazantyp Lenine RaionFlagSealLocation within CrimeaCountry Ukraine occupied by Russia RepublicCrimeaEstablishedJanuary 1921Disestablished by UkraineJuly 2020CapitalLenineSubdivisionsList 1 cities2 towns67 villagesArea Total2 919 km2 1 127 sq mi Population 2014 Total61 143 Density21 km2 54 sq mi Time zoneUTC 2 EET Summer DST UTC 3 EEST Dialing code 380 6557 The administrative centre of Lenine Raion is the urban type settlement of Lenine which is also known as Yedy Kuiu Population 61 143 2014 Census GeographyIt is located in the eastern part of the peninsula Populated places in the raion include Cheliadinove Ohonky Kostyrine Naberezhne Frontove Yehorove and Zavitne citation needed History20th century The raion was formed in January 1921 as Petrovsky Raion In July the same year it was renamed Kerch Raion with its center in Kerch In October 1921 it was reorganized into of the Crimean Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic It took on several forms throughout the following decade eventually stably ending up as Lenine Raion with its center in Lenine In 1939 12 945 people lived in Lenine Raion and 17 599 people lived in Mayak Salyn Raion which would later become part of Lenine Raion Both raions had multi ethnic populations In 1941 the Soviet authorities deported all ethnic Germans from both Lenine Raion and Mayak Salyn Raion During World War II the raion was occupied two times by Nazi Germany first in November December 1941 and second in May 1942 April 1944 The Nazis committed atrocities and human rights abuses against prisoners of war and the civilian population during this time By the end of the fighting in Crimea the populations of Lenine and Mayak Salyn Raions had dropped to 12 945 and 17 599 people respectively In May 1944 the Crimean Tatars the indigenous peoples of the peninsula were deported from Crimea by the Soviet authorities in a campaign of ethnic cleansing In June the same year other ethnicities were deported as well Localities with indigenous Crimean Tatar names were renamed to remove traces of the original inhabitants In 1945 the Crimean ASSR was transformed into the Crimean Oblast of the Russian SFSR In 1954 the Crimean Oblast was internally transferred to the Ukrainian SSR In 1962 Mayak Salyn Raion was merged into Lenine Raion In 1991 Ukraine became independent from the Soviet Union causing a dispute over the status of Crimea within Ukraine Lenine Raion became part of an interim polity known as the Republic of Crimea as specifics were worked out Eventually the legal status was resolved and Lenine Raion became part of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea within Ukraine in 1998 21st century In March 2014 Russia unilaterally and illegally annexed Crimea from Ukraine and began using Lenine Raion as a subdivision of its self proclaimed Republic of Crimea In 2016 Lenine Raion was renamed to Yedy Kuiu Raion by the Ukrainian government in parallel with the renaming of Lenine to Yedy Kuiu Yedy Kuiu or in the Crimean Tatar language Yedi Quyu is the original native name of the town in the language of its indigenous population the Crimean Tatars Several other localities in the raion were also officially renamed to their indigenous names in the same reforms However the Russian occupation administration continues to use the communist names imposed in Soviet times citation needed In July 2020 the Verkhovna Rada approved an administrative reform in Crimea In July 2020 Ukraine conducted an administrative reform throughout its de jure territory This included Crimea Among other changes Yedi Kuiu Raion was abolished and its territories merged into Kerch Raion though this has not yet been implemented due to the ongoing Russian occupation DemographicsAs of the 2001 Ukrainian census the raion had a population of 69 653 people It had a slim majority of ethnic Russians 54 8 with significant minorities of Ukrainians 22 9 Crimean Tatars 15 5 and Belarusians 1 3 There were also small minorities of Armenians Moldovans Uzbeks Greeks and Germans As of 2014 the raion had a population of 61 143 people The population of the district speaks 86 Russian 9 Ukrainian and 5 other languages citation needed ReferencesRussian Federal State Statistics Service 2014 Tablica 1 3 Chislennost naseleniya Krymskogo federalnogo okruga gorodskih okrugov municipalnyh rajonov gorodskih i selskih poselenij Table 1 3 Population of Crimean Federal District Its Urban Okrugs Municipal Districts Urban and Rural Settlements Federalnoe statisticheskoe nablyudenie Perepis naseleniya v Krymskom federalnom okruge Population Census in Crimean Federal District Federal Statistical Examination in Russian Federal State Statistics Service Retrieved January 4 2016 Rak M A 2016 02 01 Leninskij rajon Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine in Ukrainian Vol 17 Institut enciklopedichnih doslidzhen NAN Ukrayini ISBN 978 966 02 2074 4 Pro utvorennya ta likvidaciyu rajoniv Oficijnij vebportal parlamentu Ukrayini in Ukrainian Retrieved 2023 10 16 45 17 51 N 35 46 26 E 45 29750 N 35 77389 E 45 29750 35 77389 This article about a location in Crimea is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte
