Haploidisation is the process of halving the chromosomal content of a cell, producing a haploid cell. Within the normal reproductive cycle, haploidisation is one of the major functional consequences of meiosis, the other being a process of chromosomal crossover that mingles the genetic content of the parental chromosomes. Usually, haploidisation creates a monoploid cell from a diploid progenitor, or it can involve halving of a polyploid cell, for example to make a diploid potato plant from a tetraploid lineage of potato plants.
If haploidisation is not followed by fertilisation, the result is a haploid lineage of cells. For example, experimental haploidisation may be used to recover a strain of haploid Dictyostelium from a diploid strain. It sometimes occurs naturally in plants when meiotically reduced cells (usually egg cells) develop by parthenogenesis.
Haploidisation was one of the procedures used by Japanese researchers to produce Kaguya, a mouse which had same-sex parents; two haploids were then combined to make the diploid mouse.
Haploidisation commitment is a checkpoint in meiosis which follows the successful completion of premeiotic DNA replication and recombination commitment.
See also
- Polyploidy
- Ploidy
References
- ML Kothari, L Mehta (2002). "Bipolar hermaphroditism of somatic cell as the basis of its being and becoming: celldom appreciated". Journal of Postgraduate Medicine. 48 (3).
- Welker, DL; Williams, KL (1981). "Genetic and cytological characterisation of fusion chromosomes of Dictyostelium discoideum". Chromosoma. 82: 321–32. doi:10.1007/bf00285758. PMID 7227041.
- Minet, M; Nurse, P; Thuriaux, P; Mitchison, JM. "Uncontrolled septation in a cell division cycle mutant of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe". J Bacteriol. 137: 440–6. PMC 218468. PMID 762020.
Haploidisation is the process of halving the chromosomal content of a cell producing a haploid cell Within the normal reproductive cycle haploidisation is one of the major functional consequences of meiosis the other being a process of chromosomal crossover that mingles the genetic content of the parental chromosomes Usually haploidisation creates a monoploid cell from a diploid progenitor or it can involve halving of a polyploid cell for example to make a diploid potato plant from a tetraploid lineage of potato plants If haploidisation is not followed by fertilisation the result is a haploid lineage of cells For example experimental haploidisation may be used to recover a strain of haploid Dictyostelium from a diploid strain It sometimes occurs naturally in plants when meiotically reduced cells usually egg cells develop by parthenogenesis Haploidisation was one of the procedures used by Japanese researchers to produce Kaguya a mouse which had same sex parents two haploids were then combined to make the diploid mouse Haploidisation commitment is a checkpoint in meiosis which follows the successful completion of premeiotic DNA replication and recombination commitment See alsoPolyploidy PloidyReferencesML Kothari L Mehta 2002 Bipolar hermaphroditism of somatic cell as the basis of its being and becoming celldom appreciated Journal of Postgraduate Medicine 48 3 Welker DL Williams KL 1981 Genetic and cytological characterisation of fusion chromosomes of Dictyostelium discoideum Chromosoma 82 321 32 doi 10 1007 bf00285758 PMID 7227041 Minet M Nurse P Thuriaux P Mitchison JM Uncontrolled septation in a cell division cycle mutant of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe J Bacteriol 137 440 6 PMC 218468 PMID 762020
