This article lists the principal rivers of Europe with their main tributaries.
Scope
This section does not cite any sources. (October 2021) |
The border of Europe and Asia is here defined as from the Kara Sea, along the Ural Mountains and Ural River to the Caspian Sea. While the crest of the Caucasus Mountains is the geographical border with Asia in the south, Georgia, and to a lesser extent Armenia and Azerbaijan, are politically and culturally often associated with Europe; rivers in these countries are therefore included.
The list is at the outset limited to those rivers that are at least 250 km long from the most distant source, have a drainage basin (catchment area, watershed) of at least 10,000 km2 (3,900 sq mi), or have a mean discharge (volume, flow) of at least 150 m3/s (5,300 cu ft/s). Also included are a number of rivers (currently 47) that do not meet these criteria, but are very well known and/or nearly make the mark. Examples of these are the Arno, Ruhr, Saar, and Clyde. See the lists of rivers for individual countries linked to at the bottom of the page for smaller rivers.
The rivers are ordered from those flowing to the extreme northeast into the Arctic Ocean, following the coastline anticlockwise all the way to the southeastern coast of the Black Sea. Iceland and the British Islands are included via virtual connections with northern Norway and across the Strait of Dover and the North Channel, respectively. Finally, rivers draining into the Caspian Sea are listed from Azerbaijan to the Ural River.
The table can be sorted by each column. The first three columns give a ranking for (maximum) length, area and volume of those rivers flowing into the sea or an endorheic lake down to the cut-off values. No ranking of tributaries is attempted, as the concept is too contentious; for example, hydrologically the middle and upper Volga could be considered a tributary of the Kama, in which case it would be the fifth or sixth longest river in Europe. Instead it does not appear in the table at all.
The commercial and geopolitical importance of rivers is not ranked here. As a transportation artery, a river may unite a region commercially and economically, but major rivers, as barriers to travel, may also form political boundaries between states. The Danube, the second longest river in Europe, is notable for flowing through or past ten countries; the Rhine through or past six. The Volga, the longest river in Europe, unites a huge region of European Russia; eleven of the twenty largest cities in Russia lie on its banks. The Loire and the Po unite important regions within France and Italy respectively. The most important rivers in Europe include Rhone, Elbe, Oder, Tagus, Thames, Don and Dnieper, among others.[further explanation needed]
Caveats
The measurements shown are drawn from sources deemed most reliable, but still are often uncertain, especially when other sources disagree wildly. For example, the Siret in Romania and Ukraine is 726 km long with a basin of 44,000 km2 according to the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 647 km (44,811 km2) according to a Romanian management plan for the Siret basin and 559 km (47,610 km2) according to the extensive transboundary rivers study by the Economic Commission for Europe.
Length estimates for rivers depend on a number of variables:
- River Source - The choice of the source obviously has an impact. Here we attempt to list the most distant source. When that involves a tributary nearer the mouth of the river, the length of the nominal river is listed as well, if it meets the above criteria.
- River End - Rivers flowing into estuaries have an arbitrary lower end. The channel of such a river through an estuary is usually included in the length when it is exposed at low tide.
- Path Granularity - The estimate will be larger when the curves of the river are traced at a smaller scale.
- Intermediate Bodies of Water - The length of a watercourse through a reservoir or lake is open to interpretation. For this table, when a source for the total length of a river system involving lakes is lacking, the shortest possible course through the lakes is used
- Path Changes - Over time, a river's length can change through canalization, the creation of reservoirs, and natural changes in the water course.
The catchment areas are more consistent between sources. However, in low relief the watershed is less obvious, while underground connections (especially in karst systems) further complicate area measurements. Unless excellent sources are available, the areas below 70°N latitude are taken from the HydroBASINS project. The River Networks and Ramsar Sites Information Service websites provide convenient interfaces to assess the accuracy of many of the basins. Areas for rivers above 70°N are warned[clarification needed] and found to be less reliable.
The listed multiyear mean discharges are even less reliable than the lengths. Underestimates are most common, as the gauging stations are often far above the mouth, so that only a fraction of the drainage basin is represented. On the other hand, the highest volume of a river may not be at the mouth due to water loss by human usage, diversion (e.g. through distributaries), evaporation, or underground drainage.
Rivers of Europe
| Arctic Ocean | Atlantic Ocean | North Sea | White Sea | Baltic Sea | Mediterranean Sea | Black Sea | Caspian Sea |
| º | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank (of fleuves) | River or river system | Length (km) | Basin (km2) | Flow (m³/s) | Mouth | Countries | Notes | Refs | ||||||
| Length | Area | Flow | ||||||||||||
| 94 | 82 | - | Kara ← Bolshoy Kara | 289 | 13400 | ? | Kara Sea near Ust-Kara |  RUS | ||||||
| 86 | 86 | - | ← Syadej-Yu | 310 | 12700 | ? | Pechora Sea | RUS | ||||||
| 6 | 6 | 3 | Pechora | 1809 | 322000 | 4380 | Pechora Sea near Naryan-Mar | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Sula | 353 | 10400 | 92 | Pechora | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | ← | 506 | 6570 | 582 | Pechora | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Tsilma | 374 | 21500 | 228 | Pechora | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Pizhma | 389 | 5470 | 55 | Pechora | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Izhma | 531 | 31000 | 317 | Pechora near Ust-Izhma | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | 332 | 9530 | 50 | Pechora | RUS | |||||||
| - | - | - | Usa | 565 | 93600 | 1310 | Pechora near Usinsk | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Kolva | 546 | 18100 | 165 | Usa near Usinsk | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Adzva | 334 | 10600 | 110 | Usa | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | 259 | 14800 | 122 | Usa | RUS | |||||||
| - | - | - | 311 | 7290 | ? | Usa | RUS | |||||||
| - | - | - | Shchugor | 300 | 9660 | 252 | Pechora | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Ilych | 411 | 16000 | 177 | Pechora | RUS | ||||||
| 105 | 98 | - | Voronya ← Lake Lovozero ← | 251 | 9940 | 114 | Barents Sea | RUS | ||||||
| 84 | 58 | 61 | Tuloma ← Lake Notozero ← Lutto | 320 | 21140 | 241 | Barents Sea near Murmansk | RUS  FIN | ||||||
| 73 | 62 | 86 | Paatsjoki ← Lake Inari ← Ivalo | 360 | 18403 | 157 | Barents Sea near Kirkenes |  NOR RUS FIN | ||||||
| 70 | 72 | 73 | Tana/Deatnu ← Karasjohka | 366 | 16386 | 197 | Barents Sea near Tana Bru | NOR FIN | ||||||
| - | - | 74 | Jökulsá á Fjöllum | 206 | 7750 | 183 | Arctic Ocean |  ISL | ||||||
| - | - | 32 | Ölfusá ← Hvítá | 185 | 6100 | 423 | Atlantic Ocean near Selfoss | ISL | ||||||
| - | - | 39 | Þjórsá | 230 | 7530 | 370 | Atlantic Ocean | ISL | ||||||
| - | - | 65 | Kúðafljót | 115 | 2400 | 250 | Atlantic Ocean | ISL | ||||||
| - | - | 71 | Jökulsá á Dal | 150 | 3700 | 205 | Atlantic Ocean | ISL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Altaelva | 240 | 8693 | 101 | Norwegian Sea in Alta Municipality | NOR | ||||||
| - | - | 78 | Målselva ← Rostaelva | 145 | 6144 | 171 | Norwegian Sea in Målselv Municipality | NOR | ||||||
| - | - | 70 | Vefsna | 161 | 4122 | 207 | Norwegian Sea in Vefsn Municipality | NOR | ||||||
| - | - | 53 | Namsen | 229 | 6298 | 285 | Norwegian Sea in Namsos Municipality | NOR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Gaula (Trøndelag) | 153 | 3661 | 97 | Norwegian Sea in Trondheim Municipality | NOR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Orkla (river) | 179 | 3053 | 67 | Norwegian Sea in Orkland Municipality | NOR | ||||||
| - | - | 90 | Otra | 245 | 3740 | 150 | North Sea in Kristiansand Municipality | NOR | ||||||
| 99 | 93 | 59 | Skien ← Norsjø ← Saua ← Heddalsvatnet ← Tinne - etc. system | 273 | 10815 | 263 | Skagerrak in Porsgrunn Municipality | NOR | ||||||
| 76 | - | - | Numedalslågen | 356 | 5554 | 111 | Skagerrak in Larvik Municipality | NOR | ||||||
| 89 | 66 | 49 | Drammenselva ← Tyrifjorden ← Storelva-Ådalselva-Sperillen ← Begna ← Otrøelva | 310 | 17113 | 314 | Skagerrak in Drammen Municipality | NOR | ||||||
| 38 | 37 | 15 | Glomma/Glåma | 619 | 42441 | 709 | Skagerrak in Fredrikstad Municipality | NOR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Vorma ← Mjøsa ← Gudbrandsdalslågen | 358 | 17412 | 330 | Glomma at Årnes in Nes Municipality | NOR | ||||||
| 29 | 34 | 24 | Göta älv ← Vänern ← Klarälven system | 756 | 50229 | 554 | Kattegat in Gothenburg |  SWE NOR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Klarälven ← Trysilelva ← Femundelva ← Rogen | 460 | 11820 | 165 | Vänern near Karlstad | SWE NOR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Ätran | 243 | 3342 | 53 | Kattegat in Falkenberg | SWE | ||||||
| - | - | - | Lagan | 232 | 6452 | 82 | Kattegat near Laholm | SWE | ||||||
| 10 | 12 | 14 | Elbe ← Vltava ← Teplá Vltava | 1329 | 148268 | 860 | Wadden Sea near Cuxhaven |  GER  CZE | ||||||
| - | - | - | Elbe | 1094 | 148268 | 860 | Wadden Sea near Cuxhaven | GER CZE | ||||||
| - | - | - | Havel ← Spree | 560 | 24096 | 103 | Elbe near Havelberg | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Havel | 334 | 24096 | 103 | Elbe near Havelberg | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Spree | 382 | 10110 | 35 | Havel in Berlin-Spandau | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Saale | 413 | 24167 | 117 | Elbe in Barby | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | White Elster | 257 | 5154 | 26 | Saale near Halle (Saale) | GER CZE | ||||||
| - | - | - | Mulde ← Zwickauer Mulde | 290 | 7400 | 75 | Elbe in Dessau | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Ohře / Eger | 316 | 5588 | 38 | Elbe in Litoměřice | CZE GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Vltava - Teplá Vltava | 431 | 28101 | 154 | Elbe in Mělník | CZE | ||||||
| 30 | 35 | 44 | Weser ← Werra | 751 | 46259 | 365 | Wadden Sea near Bremerhaven | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Aller ← Leine | 346 | 15721 | 120 | Weser near Verden | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Aller | 260 | 15721 | 120 | Weser near Verden | GER | 211? | |||||
| - | - | - | Leine | 278 | 6517 | 62 | Aller near Schwarmstedt | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Fulda | 220 | 6947 | 67 | Weser in Hannoversch Münden | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Werra | 300 | 5497 | 50 | Weser in Hannoversch Münden | GER | ||||||
| 69 | 64 | - | Ems | 371 | 17802 | 89 | Wadden Sea near Delfzijl | GER  NED | ||||||
| - | - | - | Zwarte Water ← Vecht/Vechte | 201 | 5741 | 50 | IJsselmeer near Genemuiden | NED GER | ||||||
| - | - | 41 | IJssel ← Oude IJssel | 188 | 4533 | 380 | IJsselmeer near Kampen | NED GER | ||||||
| 11 | 11 | 6 | Rhine | 1233 | 185263 | 2315 | North Sea at Hook of Holland | NED GER  FRA AUT  LIE  SWI | ||||||
| - | - | - | Waal | 82 | ? | 1500 | Rhine delta in Gorinchem | NED | ||||||
| - | - | - | Lek | 62 | ? | 429 | Rhine delta at Kinderdijk | NED | ||||||
| - | - | - | Lippe ← Alme | 268 | 4882 | 46 | Rhine in Wesel | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Ruhr ← Neger ← Renau | 227 | 4485 | 82 | Rhine in Duisburg | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Moselle ← Moselotte | 549 | 28153 | 320 | Rhine in Koblenz | GER  LUX FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Saar | 235 | 7431 | 78 | Moselle near Konz | GER FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Sauer | 173 | 4259 | 41 | Moselle in Wasserbillig | LUX GER  BEL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Lahn ← Ohm ← Felda | 251 | 5925 | 51 | Rhine in Lahnstein | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Main ← Regnitz system | 583 | 27208 | 211 | Rhine in Mainz | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Main | 525 | 27208 | 211 | Rhine in Mainz | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Regnitz ← Pegnitz ← Fichtenohe | 191 | 7521 | 57 | Main in Bamberg | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Neckar ← Eschach | 380 | 13934 | 136 | Rhine in Mannheim | GER | ||||||
| - | - | - | Ill | 217 | 4760 | 54 | Rhine near Strasbourg | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Aare | 288 | 17684 | 559 | Rhine in Koblenz | SWI | ||||||
| - | - | - | Limmat ← Lake Zürich ← Linth | 140 | 2417 | 101 | Aare in Brugg | SWI | ||||||
| - | - | - | Reuss | 164 | 3443 | 140 | Aare in Brugg | SWI | ||||||
| 20 | 40 | 46 | Meuse/Maas | 950 | 34364 | 357 | North Sea near Hellevoetsluis | NED BEL FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Ourthe | 181 | 3624 | 55 | Meuse in Liège | BEL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Sambre | 193 | 2856 | 29 | Meuse in Namur | BEL FRA | ||||||
| 73 | 56 | - | Scheldt | 360 | 21683 | 129 | North Sea near Flushing | NED BEL FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Leie/Lys | 202 | 4305 | 28 | Scheldt in Ghent | BEL FRA | ||||||
| 73 | 77 | - | Thames ← Churn | 360 | 14292 | 66 | North Sea near Southend-on-Sea |  UK | ||||||
| - | - | - | Great Ouse | 230 | 8172 | 39 | North Sea in King's Lynn | UK | ||||||
| 92 | 96 | - | Trent | 298 | 10435 | 100 | Humber Estuary near Scunthorpe | UK | ||||||
| - | 94 | - | Ouse ← Ure | 208 | 10704 | 145 | Humber Estuary near Scunthorpe | UK | ||||||
| - | - | - | Tyne ← North Tyne | 118 | 2936 | 45 | North Sea at South Shields | UK | ||||||
| - | - | - | Tweed | 156 | 4988 | 90 | North Sea in Berwick-upon-Tweed | UK | ||||||
| - | - | 67 | Tay | 193 | 6019 | 220 | North Sea near Dundee | UK | ||||||
| - | - | - | Spey | 173 | 2944 | 66 | North Sea near Elgin | UK | ||||||
| 18 | 20 | 12 | Mezen | 966 | 78000 | 890 | White Sea (Mezen Bay) near Mezen | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Pyoza | 363 | 15100 | 123 | Mezen | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Vashka | 605 | 20500 | 184 | Mezen | RUS | ||||||
| 78 | 60 | - | Kuloy ← Sotka | 350 | 19000 | 17 | White Sea near Dolgoshchelye | RUS | ||||||
| 7 | 5 | 4 | Northern Dvina ← Vychegda | 1803 | 357052 | 3330 | Dvina Bay in Severodvinsk | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Northern Dvina ← Sukhona ← Lake Kubenskoye ← Kubena | 1685 | 357052 | 3330 | Dvina Bay in Severodvinsk | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Pinega | 779 | 42600 | 430 | Northern Dvina in Ust-Pinega | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | - | Yula | 250 | 5290 | 49 | Pinega | RUS | |||||
| - | - | - | Yemtsa ← Mekhrenga | 299 | 14100 | 70 | Northern Dvina near Bolshaya Gora | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Vaga ← Ustya | 736 | 44800 | 384 | Northern Dvina near Bereznik | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Vaga | 575 | 44800 | 384 | Northern Dvina near Bereznik | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Ustya | 477 | 17500 | 92 | Vaga | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Kokshenga | 251 | 5670 | 36 | Ustya | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Vychegda | 1130 | 121000 | 1160 | Northern Dvina in Kotlas | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Viled | 321 | 5610 | 43 | Vychegda near Koryazhma | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Yarenga | 281 | 5140 | 49 | Vychegda | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Vym | 499 | 25600 | 260 | Vychegda near Ust-Vym | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | 255 | 3440 | 31 | Vym | RUS | |||||||
| - | - | - | Sysola | 487 | 17200 | 105 | Vychegda in Syktyvkar | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | 272 | 6600 | 52 | Vychegda | RUS | |||||||
| - | - | - | Vishera | 247 | 8780 | 79 | Vychegda | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | 260 | 4230 | 37 | Vychegda | RUS | |||||||
| - | - | - | Lower Yug ← Luza | 609 | 35600 | 290 | Northern Dvina in Veliky Ustyug | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Yug | 574 | 35600 | 290 | Northern Dvina in Veliky Ustyug | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Luza | 574 | 18300 | 132 | Yug | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Sukhona ← Lake Kubenskoye ← Kubena | 941 | 50300 | 438 | Northern Dvina in Veliki Ustyug | RUS | ||||||
| 33 | 28 | 28 | Onega ← Lake Lacha ← Svid ← Lake Vozhe ← Vozhega | 680 | 56900 | 492 | Onega Bay at Onega town | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Onega | 416 | 56900 | 492 | Onega Bay at Onega town | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Voloshka | 260 | 7100 | 72 | Onega | RUS | ||||||
| 55 | 45 | 58 | Lower Vyg ← Lake Vygozero ← -system | 436 | 27100 | 267 | White Sea near Belomorsk | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Vyg ← | 315 | 27100 | 267 | White Sea near Belomorsk | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | ← Lake Segozero ← ← | 329 | 9140 | 74 | Lake Vygozero near Segezha | RUS | ||||||
| 59 | 44 | 55 | Kem ← | 422 | 27700 | 279 | White Sea near Kem | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Kem ← Kuyto Lakes ← | 399 | 27700 | 279 | White Sea near Kem | RUS FIN | ||||||
| 82 | 49 | 56 | Kovda ← Lake Topozero ← | 325 | 26100 | 276 | Kandalaksha Gulf | RUS FIN | ||||||
| - | 85 | 83 | Niva | 36 | 12830 | 164 | Kandalaksha Gulf near Kandalaksha | RUS | ||||||
| 104 | - | - | Varzuga | 254 | 9840 | 79 | White Sea | RUS | ||||||
| 58 | 74 | 81 | Ponoy | 426 | 15500 | 167 | White Sea | RUS | ||||||
| 96 | 75 | - | Motala ström ← Vättern ← Huskvarnaån system | 285 | 15481 | 100 | Baltic Sea in Norrköping | SWE | ||||||
| 91 | 54 | 82 | Norrström ← Mälaren ← Kolbäcksån system | 307 | 22650 | 166 | Baltic Sea in Stockholm | SWE | ||||||
| 43 | 43 | 47 | Dalälven ← Österdalälven | 542 | 28954 | 353 | Bothnian Sea near Gävle | SWE NOR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Västerdalälven ← Fulan | 315 | 8642 | 124 | Dalälven in Djurås | SWE | ||||||
| 52 | 59 | 66 | Ljusnan | 443 | 19828 | 226 | Bothnian Sea in Söderhamn | SWE | ||||||
| 64 | 84 | - | Ljungan | 399 | 12851 | 135 | Bothnian Sea near Sundsvall | SWE | ||||||
| 57 | 48 | 30 | Indalsälven | 430 | 26726 | 448 | Bothnian Sea near Sundsvall | SWE | ||||||
| 48 | 42 | 29 | Ångerman | 463 | 31864 | 481 | Bothnian Sea near Kramfors | SWE | ||||||
| - | - | - | Faxälven | 399 | 9037 | 152 | Ångerman near Sollefteå | SWE | ||||||
| - | - | - | Fjällsjöälven | 263 | 8432 | 139 | Ångerman near Näsåker | SWE | ||||||
| 47 | 47 | 33 | Umeälven | 467 | 26815 | 435 | Bothnian Sea in Umeå | SWE | ||||||
| - | - | - | Vindelälven | 453 | 12654 | 188 | Umeälven near Umeå | SWE | ||||||
| 53 | 89 | 86 | Skellefteälven | 440 | 11731 | 157 | Bothnian Bay in Skellefteå | SWE | ||||||
| 63 | 92 | 89 | Piteälven | 402 | 11285 | 156 | Bothnian Bay in Piteå | SWE | ||||||
| 49 | 50 | 26 | Luleälven | 461 | 25240 | 500 | Bothnian Bay in Luleå | SWE | ||||||
| - | - | - | Lesser Lule | 238 | 9678 | 180 | Luleälven near Vuollerim | SWE | ||||||
| 49 | 63 | 52 | Kalixälven | 461 | 18130 | 289 | Bothnian Bay in Kalix | SWE | ||||||
| 40 | 38 | 34 | Torne ← Torneträsk ← Abiskojokk ← Válfojohka | 565 | 40157 | 430 | Bothnian Bay in Tornio | SWE FIN NOR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Muonio ← Könkämäeno ← Kilpisjärvi | 350 | 14430 | 162 | Torne near Pajala | SWE FIN NOR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Lainioälven ← Rostoeatnu ← Rostojávri ← Ohmátjohka | 290 | 6002 | 70 | Torne near Junosuando | SWE NOR | ||||||
| 42 | 33 | 25 | Kemijoki | 552 | 51127 | 553 | Bothnian Bay in Kemi | FIN | ||||||
| - | - | - | Ounasjoki | 300 | 13968 | 140 | Kemijoki in Rovaniemi | FIN | ||||||
| - | - | - | Kitinen | 278 | 11214 | ? | Kemijoki near Pelkosenniemi | FIN | ||||||
| 86 | 78 | 76 | Iijoki | 310 | 14191 | 174 | Bothnian Bay in Ii | FIN | ||||||
| 60 | 53 | 60 | Oulujoki ← Oulujärvi ← Hyrynsalmi system | 420 | 22841 | 262 | Bothnian Bay in Oulu | FIN | ||||||
| - | 46 | 63 | Kokemäenjoki | 150 | 27046 | 238 | Bothnian Sea in Pori | FIN | ||||||
| 41 | 39 | 54 | Kymi ← Lake Päijänne ←←← Koivujärvi sources | 554 | 37159 | 282 | Gulf of Finland in Kotka | FIN | ||||||
| 15 | 7 | 5 | Neva ← Lake Ladoga ← Volkhov-system | 1010 | 281000 | 2490 | Gulf of Finland in Saint Petersburg | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Neva | 74 | 281000 | 2490 | Gulf of Finland in Saint Petersburg | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Vuoksi ← Saimaa ← Pielisjoki-system | 806 | 68501 | 584 | Lake Ladoga at Solovyovo and at Priozersk | RUS FIN | ||||||
| - | - | - | Pielisjoki ← Pielinen ← Lieksanjoki ←← | 390 | 20000 | 240 | Lake Saimaa in Joensuu | FIN RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Svir ← Lake Onega ← Vodla-system | 678 | 88200 | 790 | Lake Ladoga near Lodeynoye Pole | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Oyat | 266 | 5220 | 52 | Svir near Lodeynoye Pole | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Shuya | 194 | 10100 | 130 | Lake Onega near Petrozavodsk | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Suna | 280 | 7670 | 66 | Lake Onega near Kondopoga | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Vodla ← Lake Vodlozero ← Ileksa ← | 358 | 13700 | 130 | Lake Onega near Pudozh | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Syas | 260 | 7330 | 53 | Lake Ladoga in Syasstroy | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Volkhov ← Lake Ilmen ← Msta-system | 844 | 80200 | 580 | Lake Ladoga near Volkhov | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Msta ← Lake Mstino ← Tsna | 620 | 23300 | 202 | Lake Ilmen near Velikiy Novgorod | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Pola | 267 | 7420 | 63 | Lake Ilmen near Staraya Russa | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Lovat | 530 | 21900 | 105 | Lake Ilmen near Staraya Russa | RUS  BLR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Shelon | 248 | 9710 | 44 | Lake Ilmen near Shimsk | RUS | ||||||
| 67 | 83 | - | Luga ← Oredezh | 383 | 13364 | 93 | Gulf of Finland in Ust-Luga | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Luga | 353 | 13364 | 93 | Gulf of Finland in Ust-Luga | RUS | ||||||
| 35 | 29 | 37 | Narva ← Lake Peipus ← Velikaya | 647 | 56229 | 400 | Gulf of Finland near Narva |  EST RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Narva | 77 | 56229 | 400 | Gulf of Finland near Narva | EST RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Plyussa | 281 | 6963 | 50 | Narva near Narva | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Velikaya | 430 | 25153 | 134 | Lake Peipus near Pskov | RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Emajõgi ← Võrtsjärv ← Väike Emajõgi | 218 | 10039 | 70 | Lake Peipus | EST | ||||||
| - | - | - | Pärnu | 144 | 6887 | 64 | Gulf of Riga in Pärnu | EST | ||||||
| 51 | - | - | Gauja | 452 | 9161 | 71 | Gulf of Riga near Riga |  LAT EST | ||||||
| 14 | 18 | 19 | Daugava/Western Dvina | 1020 | 85613 | 640 | Gulf of Riga near Riga | LAT BLR RUS | ||||||
| - | - | - | Aiviekste ← Pededze | 254 | 9135 | 57 | Daugava near Pļaviņas | LAT EST | ||||||
| - | - | - | Mezha | 259 | 9525 | 61 | Daugava near Doroshkino | RUS | ||||||
| 86 | 65 | - | Lielupe ← Mēmele/Nemunėlis | 310 | 17504 | 106 | Gulf of Riga near Jūrmala | LAT  LIT | ||||||
| 79 | 87 | - | Venta | 346 | 11843 | 98 | Baltic Sea in Ventspils | LAT LIT | ||||||
| 22 | 17 | 20 | Neman | 914 | 92523 | 634 | Baltic Sea near Šilutė | LIT RUS BLR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Šešupė | 298 | 6194 | 34 | Neman near Neman | LIT RUS  POL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Nevėžis | 209 | 5947 | 33 | Neman near Raudondvaris | LIT | ||||||
| - | - | - | Neris/Viliya | 510 | 25254 | 182 | Neman in Kaunas | LIT BLR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Šventoji | 246 | 6804 | 56 | Neris in Jonava | LIT | ||||||
| - | - | - | Shchara | 325 | 6724 | 31 | Neman | BLR | ||||||
| 80 | 79 | - | Pregolya ← Lava/Łyna | 336 | 14117 | 90 | Baltic Sea near Kaliningrad | RUS POL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Pregolya ← Angrapa ← Gołdapa | 310 | 14117 | 90 | Baltic Sea near Kaliningrad | RUS POL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Łyna/Alna/Lava | 264 | 7020 | 40 | Pregolya in Znamensk | RUS POL | ||||||
| 12 | 9 | 10 | Vistula ← Bugonarew ← Western Bug | 1211 | 192632 | 1080 | Baltic Sea near Gdańsk | POL BLR  UKR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Vistula | 1047 | 192632 | 1080 | Baltic Sea near Gdańsk | POL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Bugonarew ← Western Bug | 810 | 74714 | 328 | Vistula in Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki | POL BLR UKR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Wkra | 249 | 5322 | 20 | Bugonarew near Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki | POL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Narew | 446 | 28645 | 146 | Bugonarew near Serock | POL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Western Bug | 772 | 38676 | 158 | Bugonarew near Serock | POL BLR UKR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Pilica | 319 | 9138 | 46 | Vistula near Warka | POL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Wieprz | 303 | 10256 | 43 | Vistula in Dęblin | POL | ||||||
| - | - | - | San | 443 | 16769 | 126 | Vistula near Sandomierz | POL UKR | ||||||
| - | - | - | Dunajec | 247 | 6802 | 85 | Vistula in Opatowiec | POL  SVK | ||||||
| 13 | 13 | 22 | Oder ← Warta | 1045 | 118791 | 574 | Baltic Sea in Świnoujście | GER POL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Oder | 854 | 118791 | 574 | Baltic Sea in Świnoujście | GER POL CZE | ||||||
| - | - | - | Warta | 808 | 55538 | 195 | Oder in Kostrzyn nad Odrą | POL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Noteć | 388 | 17159 | 76 | Warta in Santok | POL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Lusatian Neisse | 255 | 4403 | 31 | Oder in Neißemünde | GER POL CZE | ||||||
| - | - | - | Bóbr | 272 | 5943 | 39 | Oder in Krosno Odrzańskie | POL CZE | ||||||
| - | - | - | Clyde | 176 | 3045 | 83 | North Channel near Glasgow | UK | ||||||
| - | - | - | Lower Bann ← Lough Neagh ← Ulster Blackwater | 186 | 5775 | 92 | North Channel in Coleraine | UK  IRL | ||||||
| 101 | 88 | 69 | Shannon | 258 | 11773 | 208 | Shannon Estuary near Limerick | IRL | ||||||
| - | - | 86 | The Three Sisters | 192 | 9207 | 157 | Celtic Sea near Waterford | IRL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Mersey ← Tame | 160 | 4312 | 66 | Irish Sea near Liverpool | UK | ||||||
| - | - | - | Wye | 215 | 4136 | 80 | Severn Estuary near Chepstow | UK | ||||||
| 77 | 91 | - | Severn | 354 | 11420 | 120 | Bristol Channel near Weston-super-Mare | UK | ||||||
| - | - | - | Somme | 245 | 6548 | 37 | English Channel near Abbeville | FRA | ||||||
| 26 | 21 | 23 | Seine ← Marne | 875 | 75374 | 560 | English Channel in Le Havre | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Seine | 777 | 75374 | 560 | English Channel in Le Havre | FRA | } | |||||
| - | - | - | Eure | 229 | 6017 | 26 | Seine in Pont-de-l'Arche | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Oise ← Aisne ← Aire | 454 | 16783 | 110 | Seine in Conflans-Sainte-Honorine | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Oise | 341 | 16783 | 110 | Seine in Conflans-Sainte-Honorine | FRA BEL | ||||||
| - | - | - | Aisne | 356 | 7939 | 65 | Oise in Compiègne | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Marne | 514 | 12783 | 110 | Seine in Ivry-sur-Seine | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Yonne | 292 | 10836 | 93 | Seine in Montereau-Fault-Yonne | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Aube | 249 | 4595 | 41 | Seine near Romilly-sur-Seine | FRA | ||||||
| - | 95 | - | Vilaine | 218 | 10459 | 72 | Bay of Biscay in Pénestin | FRA | ||||||
| 17 | 14 | 13 | Loire | 1006 | 117356 | 889 | Bay of Biscay in Saint-Nazaire | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Maine ← Sarthe ← Loir | 338 | 22240 | 127 | Loire near Angers | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Mayenne | 202 | 5844 | 50 | Maine near Angers | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Sarthe | 314 | 16250 | 82 | Maine near Angers | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Loir | 317 | 8294 | 32 | Sarthe near Angers | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Vienne | 363 | 21161 | 210 | Loire in Candes-Saint-Martin | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Creuse | 264 | 10279 | 85 | Vienne near Châtellerault | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Indre | 279 | 3428 | 19 | Loire near Candes-Saint-Martin | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Cher | 368 | 13718 | 96 | Loire in Villandry | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Allier | 421 | 14350 | 144 | Loire near Nevers | FRA | ||||||
| 68 | 99 | - | Charente | 381 | 9855 | 49 | Bay of Biscay near Rochefort | FRA | ||||||
| 46 | 52 | 41 | Dordogne | 483 | 23957 | 380 | Gironde estuary near Bordeaux | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Isle | 255 | 7558 | 63 | Dordogne in Libourne | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Vézère | 211 | 3715 | 58 | Dordogne near Le Bugue | FRA | ||||||
| 39 | 30 | 17 | Garonne ← Tarn | 610 | 55846 | 650 | Gironde estuary near Bordeaux | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Garonne | 575 | 55846 | 650 | Gironde estuary near Bordeaux | FRA  ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Lot | 485 | 11538 | 155 | Garonne near Aiguillon | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Tarn | 380 | 15586 | 233 | Garonne near Castelsarrasin | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Aveyron | 291 | 5176 | 57 | Tarn near Montauban | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Ariège | 163 | 4135 | 76 | Garonne in Toulouse | FRA | ||||||
| 89 | 67 | 45 | Adour | 308 | 16912 | 360 | Bay of Biscay in Bayonne | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Gaves réunis ← Gave de Pau | 193 | 5464 | 82 | Adour near Peyrehorade | FRA | ||||||
| 71 | 70 | 48 | Minho ← Sil | 361 | 16651 | 340 | Atlantic Ocean near Caminha |  POR ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Minho | 309 | 16651 | 340 | Atlantic Ocean near Caminha | POR ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Sil | 226 | 7969 | 100 | Minho near Ourense | ESP | ||||||
| 25 | 16 | 17 | Douro | 897 | 97290 | 650 | Atlantic Ocean in Porto | POR ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Tormes | 247 | 7054 | 42 | Douro near / Villarino | ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Esla | 275 | 16018 | 182 | Douro near Muelas del Pan | ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Pisuerga | 276 | 15665 | 82 | Douro near Valladolid | ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Mondego | 234 | 6656 | 108 | Atlantic Ocean in Figueira da Foz | POR | ||||||
| 16 | 24 | 26 | Tagus | 1007 | 70756 | 500 | Atlantic Ocean near Lisbon | POR ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Jarama | 194 | 11532 | 32 | Tagus in Aranjuez | ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Sado | 180 | 6186 | 40 | Atlantic Ocean in Setúbal | POR | ||||||
| 21 | 25 | - | Guadiana (← Cigüela) ← Záncara | 922 | 67027 | 79 | Gulf of Cadiz near Ayamonte | POR ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Guadiana ← . | 852 | 67027 | 79 | Gulf of Cadiz near Ayamonte | POR ESP | ||||||
| 31 | 27 | 83 | Guadalquivir ← ← | 722 | 57053 | 164 | Gulf of Cadiz in Sanlúcar de Barrameda | ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Genil | 358 | 8257 | 9.3 | Guadalquivir in Palma del Río | ESP | ||||||
| 82 | 71 | - | Segura | 325 | 16599 | 26 | Mediterranean Sea in Guardamar del Segura | ESP | ||||||
| 45 | 57 | - | Júcar | 498 | 21430 | 49 | Balearic Sea in Cullera | ESP | ||||||
| 98 | - | - | Turia | 280 | 6674 | 14 | Balearic Sea in Valencia | ESP | ||||||
| 23 | 19 | 21 | Ebro | 910 | 84763 | 577 | Balearic Sea near Tortosa | ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Segre | 265 | 22719 | 100 | Ebro in Mequinenza | ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Cinca | 170 | 9720 | 82 | Segre near Mequinenza | ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Jalón ← Jiloca | 224 | 9658 | 21 | Ebro near Torres de Berrellén | ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Aragón | 195 | 8529 | 41 | Ebro near Tudela | ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Llobregat | 170 | 4948 | 21 | Balearic Sea near Barcelona | ESP | ||||||
| - | - | - | Aude | 224 | 5327 | 44 | Gulf of Lion near Narbonne | FRA | ||||||
| 19 | 15 | 7 | Rhône ← Saône ← Doubs | 957 | 98131 | 1900 | Gulf of Lion in Port-Saint-Louis-du-Rhône | FRA SWI | ||||||
| - | - | - | Rhône | 812 | 98131 | 1900 | Gulf of Lion in Port-Saint-Louis-du-Rhône | FRA SWI | ||||||
| - | - | - | Durance | 323 | 14342 | 180 | Rhône in Avignon | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Isère | 286 | 11890 | 333 | Rhône near Valence | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Saône | 480 | 29321 | 473 | Rhône in Lyon | FRA | ||||||
| - | - | - | Doubs | 453 | 7874 | 176 | Saône in Verdun-sur-le-Doubs | |||||||
This article lists the principal rivers of Europe with their main tributaries Main European drainage divides red lines separating catchments green regions ScopeThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed October 2021 Learn how and when to remove this message The border of Europe and Asia is here defined as from the Kara Sea along the Ural Mountains and Ural River to the Caspian Sea While the crest of the Caucasus Mountains is the geographical border with Asia in the south Georgia and to a lesser extent Armenia and Azerbaijan are politically and culturally often associated with Europe rivers in these countries are therefore included The list is at the outset limited to those rivers that are at least 250 km long from the most distant source have a drainage basin catchment area watershed of at least 10 000 km2 3 900 sq mi or have a mean discharge volume flow of at least 150 m3 s 5 300 cu ft s Also included are a number of rivers currently 47 that do not meet these criteria but are very well known and or nearly make the mark Examples of these are the Arno Ruhr Saar and Clyde See the lists of rivers for individual countries linked to at the bottom of the page for smaller rivers The rivers are ordered from those flowing to the extreme northeast into the Arctic Ocean following the coastline anticlockwise all the way to the southeastern coast of the Black Sea Iceland and the British Islands are included via virtual connections with northern Norway and across the Strait of Dover and the North Channel respectively Finally rivers draining into the Caspian Sea are listed from Azerbaijan to the Ural River The table can be sorted by each column The first three columns give a ranking for maximum length area and volume of those rivers flowing into the sea or an endorheic lake down to the cut off values No ranking of tributaries is attempted as the concept is too contentious for example hydrologically the middle and upper Volga could be considered a tributary of the Kama in which case it would be the fifth or sixth longest river in Europe Instead it does not appear in the table at all The commercial and geopolitical importance of rivers is not ranked here As a transportation artery a river may unite a region commercially and economically but major rivers as barriers to travel may also form political boundaries between states The Danube the second longest river in Europe is notable for flowing through or past ten countries the Rhine through or past six The Volga the longest river in Europe unites a huge region of European Russia eleven of the twenty largest cities in Russia lie on its banks The Loire and the Po unite important regions within France and Italy respectively The most important rivers in Europe include Rhone Elbe Oder Tagus Thames Don and Dnieper among others further explanation needed CaveatsThe measurements shown are drawn from sources deemed most reliable but still are often uncertain especially when other sources disagree wildly For example the Siret in Romania and Ukraine is 726 km long with a basin of 44 000 km2 according to the Great Soviet Encyclopedia 647 km 44 811 km2 according to a Romanian management plan for the Siret basin and 559 km 47 610 km2 according to the extensive transboundary rivers study by the Economic Commission for Europe Length estimates for rivers depend on a number of variables River Source The choice of the source obviously has an impact Here we attempt to list the most distant source When that involves a tributary nearer the mouth of the river the length of the nominal river is listed as well if it meets the above criteria River End Rivers flowing into estuaries have an arbitrary lower end The channel of such a river through an estuary is usually included in the length when it is exposed at low tide Path Granularity The estimate will be larger when the curves of the river are traced at a smaller scale Intermediate Bodies of Water The length of a watercourse through a reservoir or lake is open to interpretation For this table when a source for the total length of a river system involving lakes is lacking the shortest possible course through the lakes is used Path Changes Over time a river s length can change through canalization the creation of reservoirs and natural changes in the water course The catchment areas are more consistent between sources However in low relief the watershed is less obvious while underground connections especially in karst systems further complicate area measurements Unless excellent sources are available the areas below 70 N latitude are taken from the HydroBASINS project The River Networks and Ramsar Sites Information Service websites provide convenient interfaces to assess the accuracy of many of the basins Areas for rivers above 70 N are warned clarification needed and found to be less reliable The listed multiyear mean discharges are even less reliable than the lengths Underestimates are most common as the gauging stations are often far above the mouth so that only a fraction of the drainage basin is represented On the other hand the highest volume of a river may not be at the mouth due to water loss by human usage diversion e g through distributaries evaporation or underground drainage Rivers of EuropeArctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean North Sea White Sea Baltic Sea Mediterranean Sea Black Sea Caspian SeaEurope s largest rivers over 100 km long gt 10 000 km2 watershed or gt 150 m3 s mean discharge ºRank of fleuves River or river system Length km Basin km2 Flow m s Mouth Countries Notes RefsLength Area Flow94 82 Kara Bolshoy Kara 289 13400 Kara Sea near Ust Kara RUS86 86 de it ru Syadej Yu 310 12700 Pechora Sea RUS6 6 3 Pechora 1809 322000 4380 Pechora Sea near Naryan Mar RUS Sula 353 10400 92 Pechora RUS de ru ru 506 6570 582 Pechora RUS Tsilma 374 21500 228 Pechora RUS Pizhma 389 5470 55 Pechora RUS Izhma 531 31000 317 Pechora near Ust Izhma RUS de no ru 332 9530 50 Pechora RUS Usa 565 93600 1310 Pechora near Usinsk RUS Kolva 546 18100 165 Usa near Usinsk RUS Adzva 334 10600 110 Usa RUS de nl ru 259 14800 122 Usa RUS de no ru 311 7290 Usa RUS Shchugor 300 9660 252 Pechora RUS Ilych 411 16000 177 Pechora RUS105 98 Voronya Lake Lovozero ru 251 9940 114 Barents Sea RUS84 58 61 Tuloma Lake Notozero Lutto 320 21140 241 Barents Sea near Murmansk RUS FIN73 62 86 Paatsjoki Lake Inari Ivalo 360 18403 157 Barents Sea near Kirkenes NOR RUS FIN70 72 73 Tana Deatnu Karasjohka 366 16386 197 Barents Sea near Tana Bru NOR FIN 74 Jokulsa a Fjollum 206 7750 183 Arctic Ocean ISL 32 Olfusa Hvita 185 6100 423 Atlantic Ocean near Selfoss ISL 39 THjorsa 230 7530 370 Atlantic Ocean ISL 65 Kudafljot 115 2400 250 Atlantic Ocean ISL 71 Jokulsa a Dal 150 3700 205 Atlantic Ocean ISL Altaelva 240 8693 101 Norwegian Sea in Alta Municipality NOR 78 Malselva Rostaelva 145 6144 171 Norwegian Sea in Malselv Municipality NOR 70 Vefsna 161 4122 207 Norwegian Sea in Vefsn Municipality NOR 53 Namsen 229 6298 285 Norwegian Sea in Namsos Municipality NOR Gaula Trondelag 153 3661 97 Norwegian Sea in Trondheim Municipality NOR Orkla river 179 3053 67 Norwegian Sea in Orkland Municipality NOR 90 Otra 245 3740 150 North Sea in Kristiansand Municipality NOR99 93 59 Skien Norsjo Saua Heddalsvatnet Tinne etc system 273 10815 263 Skagerrak in Porsgrunn Municipality NOR76 Numedalslagen 356 5554 111 Skagerrak in Larvik Municipality NOR89 66 49 Drammenselva Tyrifjorden Storelva Adalselva Sperillen Begna Otroelva 310 17113 314 Skagerrak in Drammen Municipality NOR38 37 15 Glomma Glama 619 42441 709 Skagerrak in Fredrikstad Municipality NOR Vorma Mjosa Gudbrandsdalslagen 358 17412 330 Glomma at Arnes in Nes Municipality NOR29 34 24 Gota alv Vanern Klaralven system 756 50229 554 Kattegat in Gothenburg SWE NOR Klaralven Trysilelva Femundelva Rogen 460 11820 165 Vanern near Karlstad SWE NOR Atran 243 3342 53 Kattegat in Falkenberg SWE Lagan 232 6452 82 Kattegat near Laholm SWE10 12 14 Elbe Vltava Tepla Vltava 1329 148268 860 Wadden Sea near Cuxhaven GER CZE Elbe 1094 148268 860 Wadden Sea near Cuxhaven GER CZE Havel Spree 560 24096 103 Elbe near Havelberg GER Havel 334 24096 103 Elbe near Havelberg GER Spree 382 10110 35 Havel in Berlin Spandau GER Saale 413 24167 117 Elbe in Barby GER White Elster 257 5154 26 Saale near Halle Saale GER CZE Mulde Zwickauer Mulde 290 7400 75 Elbe in Dessau GER Ohre Eger 316 5588 38 Elbe in Litomerice CZE GER Vltava Tepla Vltava 431 28101 154 Elbe in Melnik CZE30 35 44 Weser Werra 751 46259 365 Wadden Sea near Bremerhaven GER Aller Leine 346 15721 120 Weser near Verden GER Aller 260 15721 120 Weser near Verden GER 211 Leine 278 6517 62 Aller near Schwarmstedt GER Fulda 220 6947 67 Weser in Hannoversch Munden GER Werra 300 5497 50 Weser in Hannoversch Munden GER69 64 Ems 371 17802 89 Wadden Sea near Delfzijl GER NED Zwarte Water Vecht Vechte 201 5741 50 IJsselmeer near Genemuiden NED GER 41 IJssel Oude IJssel 188 4533 380 IJsselmeer near Kampen NED GER11 11 6 Rhine 1233 185263 2315 North Sea at Hook of Holland NED GER FRA AUT LIE SWI Waal 82 1500 Rhine delta in Gorinchem NED Lek 62 429 Rhine delta at Kinderdijk NED Lippe Alme 268 4882 46 Rhine in Wesel GER Ruhr Neger Renau 227 4485 82 Rhine in Duisburg GER Moselle Moselotte 549 28153 320 Rhine in Koblenz GER LUX FRA Saar 235 7431 78 Moselle near Konz GER FRA Sauer 173 4259 41 Moselle in Wasserbillig LUX GER BEL Lahn Ohm Felda 251 5925 51 Rhine in Lahnstein GER Main Regnitz system 583 27208 211 Rhine in Mainz GER Main 525 27208 211 Rhine in Mainz GER Regnitz Pegnitz Fichtenohe 191 7521 57 Main in Bamberg GER Neckar Eschach 380 13934 136 Rhine in Mannheim GER Ill 217 4760 54 Rhine near Strasbourg FRA Aare 288 17684 559 Rhine in Koblenz SWI Limmat Lake Zurich Linth 140 2417 101 Aare in Brugg SWI Reuss 164 3443 140 Aare in Brugg SWI20 40 46 Meuse Maas 950 34364 357 North Sea near Hellevoetsluis NED BEL FRA Ourthe 181 3624 55 Meuse in Liege BEL Sambre 193 2856 29 Meuse in Namur BEL FRA73 56 Scheldt 360 21683 129 North Sea near Flushing NED BEL FRA Leie Lys 202 4305 28 Scheldt in Ghent BEL FRA73 77 Thames Churn 360 14292 66 North Sea near Southend on Sea UK Great Ouse 230 8172 39 North Sea in King s Lynn UK92 96 Trent 298 10435 100 Humber Estuary near Scunthorpe UK 94 Ouse Ure 208 10704 145 Humber Estuary near Scunthorpe UK Tyne North Tyne 118 2936 45 North Sea at South Shields UK Tweed 156 4988 90 North Sea in Berwick upon Tweed UK 67 Tay 193 6019 220 North Sea near Dundee UK Spey 173 2944 66 North Sea near Elgin UK18 20 12 Mezen 966 78000 890 White Sea Mezen Bay near Mezen RUS Pyoza 363 15100 123 Mezen RUS Vashka 605 20500 184 Mezen RUS78 60 Kuloy Sotka 350 19000 17 White Sea near Dolgoshchelye RUS7 5 4 Northern Dvina Vychegda 1803 357052 3330 Dvina Bay in Severodvinsk RUS Northern Dvina Sukhona Lake Kubenskoye Kubena 1685 357052 3330 Dvina Bay in Severodvinsk RUS Pinega 779 42600 430 Northern Dvina in Ust Pinega RUS Yula 250 5290 49 Pinega RUS Yemtsa Mekhrenga 299 14100 70 Northern Dvina near Bolshaya Gora RUS Vaga Ustya 736 44800 384 Northern Dvina near Bereznik RUS Vaga 575 44800 384 Northern Dvina near Bereznik RUS Ustya 477 17500 92 Vaga RUS Kokshenga 251 5670 36 Ustya RUS Vychegda 1130 121000 1160 Northern Dvina in Kotlas RUS Viled 321 5610 43 Vychegda near Koryazhma RUS Yarenga 281 5140 49 Vychegda RUS Vym 499 25600 260 Vychegda near Ust Vym RUS de 255 3440 31 Vym RUS Sysola 487 17200 105 Vychegda in Syktyvkar RUS de ru 272 6600 52 Vychegda RUS Vishera 247 8780 79 Vychegda RUS de ru 260 4230 37 Vychegda RUS Lower Yug Luza 609 35600 290 Northern Dvina in Veliky Ustyug RUS Yug 574 35600 290 Northern Dvina in Veliky Ustyug RUS Luza 574 18300 132 Yug RUS Sukhona Lake Kubenskoye Kubena 941 50300 438 Northern Dvina in Veliki Ustyug RUS33 28 28 Onega Lake Lacha Svid Lake Vozhe Vozhega 680 56900 492 Onega Bay at Onega town RUS Onega 416 56900 492 Onega Bay at Onega town RUS Voloshka 260 7100 72 Onega RUS55 45 58 Lower Vyg Lake Vygozero de ru system 436 27100 267 White Sea near Belomorsk RUS Vyg ru 315 27100 267 White Sea near Belomorsk RUS de ru Lake Segozero de ru ru 329 9140 74 Lake Vygozero near Segezha RUS59 44 55 Kem de ru 422 27700 279 White Sea near Kem RUS Kem Kuyto Lakes de fi ru 399 27700 279 White Sea near Kem RUS FIN82 49 56 Kovda Lake Topozero ru 325 26100 276 Kandalaksha Gulf RUS FIN 85 83 Niva 36 12830 164 Kandalaksha Gulf near Kandalaksha RUS104 Varzuga 254 9840 79 White Sea RUS58 74 81 Ponoy 426 15500 167 White Sea RUS96 75 Motala strom Vattern Huskvarnaan system 285 15481 100 Baltic Sea in Norrkoping SWE91 54 82 Norrstrom Malaren Kolbacksan system 307 22650 166 Baltic Sea in Stockholm SWE43 43 47 Dalalven Osterdalalven 542 28954 353 Bothnian Sea near Gavle SWE NOR Vasterdalalven Fulan 315 8642 124 Dalalven in Djuras SWE52 59 66 Ljusnan 443 19828 226 Bothnian Sea in Soderhamn SWE64 84 Ljungan 399 12851 135 Bothnian Sea near Sundsvall SWE57 48 30 Indalsalven 430 26726 448 Bothnian Sea near Sundsvall SWE48 42 29 Angerman 463 31864 481 Bothnian Sea near Kramfors SWE Faxalven 399 9037 152 Angerman near Solleftea SWE Fjallsjoalven 263 8432 139 Angerman near Nasaker SWE47 47 33 Umealven 467 26815 435 Bothnian Sea in Umea SWE Vindelalven 453 12654 188 Umealven near Umea SWE53 89 86 Skelleftealven 440 11731 157 Bothnian Bay in Skelleftea SWE63 92 89 Pitealven 402 11285 156 Bothnian Bay in Pitea SWE49 50 26 Lulealven 461 25240 500 Bothnian Bay in Lulea SWE Lesser Lule 238 9678 180 Lulealven near Vuollerim SWE49 63 52 Kalixalven 461 18130 289 Bothnian Bay in Kalix SWE40 38 34 Torne Tornetrask Abiskojokk Valfojohka 565 40157 430 Bothnian Bay in Tornio SWE FIN NOR Muonio Konkamaeno Kilpisjarvi 350 14430 162 Torne near Pajala SWE FIN NOR Lainioalven Rostoeatnu Rostojavri Ohmatjohka 290 6002 70 Torne near Junosuando SWE NOR42 33 25 Kemijoki 552 51127 553 Bothnian Bay in Kemi FIN Ounasjoki 300 13968 140 Kemijoki in Rovaniemi FIN Kitinen 278 11214 Kemijoki near Pelkosenniemi FIN86 78 76 Iijoki 310 14191 174 Bothnian Bay in Ii FIN60 53 60 Oulujoki Oulujarvi Hyrynsalmi system 420 22841 262 Bothnian Bay in Oulu FIN 46 63 Kokemaenjoki 150 27046 238 Bothnian Sea in Pori FIN41 39 54 Kymi Lake Paijanne Koivujarvi sources 554 37159 282 Gulf of Finland in Kotka FIN15 7 5 Neva Lake Ladoga Volkhov system 1010 281000 2490 Gulf of Finland in Saint Petersburg RUS Neva 74 281000 2490 Gulf of Finland in Saint Petersburg RUS Vuoksi Saimaa Pielisjoki system 806 68501 584 Lake Ladoga at Solovyovo and at Priozersk RUS FIN Pielisjoki Pielinen Lieksanjoki ru 390 20000 240 Lake Saimaa in Joensuu FIN RUS Svir Lake Onega Vodla system 678 88200 790 Lake Ladoga near Lodeynoye Pole RUS Oyat 266 5220 52 Svir near Lodeynoye Pole RUS Shuya 194 10100 130 Lake Onega near Petrozavodsk RUS Suna 280 7670 66 Lake Onega near Kondopoga RUS Vodla Lake Vodlozero Ileksa ru 358 13700 130 Lake Onega near Pudozh RUS Syas 260 7330 53 Lake Ladoga in Syasstroy RUS Volkhov Lake Ilmen Msta system 844 80200 580 Lake Ladoga near Volkhov RUS Msta Lake Mstino Tsna 620 23300 202 Lake Ilmen near Velikiy Novgorod RUS Pola 267 7420 63 Lake Ilmen near Staraya Russa RUS Lovat 530 21900 105 Lake Ilmen near Staraya Russa RUS BLR Shelon 248 9710 44 Lake Ilmen near Shimsk RUS67 83 Luga Oredezh 383 13364 93 Gulf of Finland in Ust Luga RUS Luga 353 13364 93 Gulf of Finland in Ust Luga RUS35 29 37 Narva Lake Peipus Velikaya 647 56229 400 Gulf of Finland near Narva EST RUS Narva 77 56229 400 Gulf of Finland near Narva EST RUS Plyussa 281 6963 50 Narva near Narva RUS Velikaya 430 25153 134 Lake Peipus near Pskov RUS Emajogi Vortsjarv Vaike Emajogi 218 10039 70 Lake Peipus EST Parnu 144 6887 64 Gulf of Riga in Parnu EST51 Gauja 452 9161 71 Gulf of Riga near Riga LAT EST14 18 19 Daugava Western Dvina 1020 85613 640 Gulf of Riga near Riga LAT BLR RUS Aiviekste Pededze 254 9135 57 Daugava near Plavinas LAT EST Mezha 259 9525 61 Daugava near Doroshkino RUS86 65 Lielupe Memele Nemunelis 310 17504 106 Gulf of Riga near Jurmala LAT LIT79 87 Venta 346 11843 98 Baltic Sea in Ventspils LAT LIT22 17 20 Neman 914 92523 634 Baltic Sea near Silute LIT RUS BLR Sesupe 298 6194 34 Neman near Neman LIT RUS POL Nevezis 209 5947 33 Neman near Raudondvaris LIT Neris Viliya 510 25254 182 Neman in Kaunas LIT BLR Sventoji 246 6804 56 Neris in Jonava LIT Shchara 325 6724 31 Neman BLR80 79 Pregolya Lava Lyna 336 14117 90 Baltic Sea near Kaliningrad RUS POL Pregolya Angrapa Goldapa 310 14117 90 Baltic Sea near Kaliningrad RUS POL Lyna Alna Lava 264 7020 40 Pregolya in Znamensk RUS POL12 9 10 Vistula Bugonarew Western Bug 1211 192632 1080 Baltic Sea near Gdansk POL BLR UKR Vistula 1047 192632 1080 Baltic Sea near Gdansk POL Bugonarew Western Bug 810 74714 328 Vistula in Nowy Dwor Mazowiecki POL BLR UKR Wkra 249 5322 20 Bugonarew near Nowy Dwor Mazowiecki POL Narew 446 28645 146 Bugonarew near Serock POL Western Bug 772 38676 158 Bugonarew near Serock POL BLR UKR Pilica 319 9138 46 Vistula near Warka POL Wieprz 303 10256 43 Vistula in Deblin POL San 443 16769 126 Vistula near Sandomierz POL UKR Dunajec 247 6802 85 Vistula in Opatowiec POL SVK13 13 22 Oder Warta 1045 118791 574 Baltic Sea in Swinoujscie GER POL Oder 854 118791 574 Baltic Sea in Swinoujscie GER POL CZE Warta 808 55538 195 Oder in Kostrzyn nad Odra POL Notec 388 17159 76 Warta in Santok POL Lusatian Neisse 255 4403 31 Oder in Neissemunde GER POL CZE Bobr 272 5943 39 Oder in Krosno Odrzanskie POL CZE Clyde 176 3045 83 North Channel near Glasgow UK Lower Bann Lough Neagh Ulster Blackwater 186 5775 92 North Channel in Coleraine UK IRL101 88 69 Shannon 258 11773 208 Shannon Estuary near Limerick IRL 86 The Three Sisters 192 9207 157 Celtic Sea near Waterford IRL Mersey Tame 160 4312 66 Irish Sea near Liverpool UK Wye 215 4136 80 Severn Estuary near Chepstow UK77 91 Severn 354 11420 120 Bristol Channel near Weston super Mare UK Somme 245 6548 37 English Channel near Abbeville FRA26 21 23 Seine Marne 875 75374 560 English Channel in Le Havre FRA Seine 777 75374 560 English Channel in Le Havre FRA Eure 229 6017 26 Seine in Pont de l Arche FRA Oise Aisne Aire 454 16783 110 Seine in Conflans Sainte Honorine FRA Oise 341 16783 110 Seine in Conflans Sainte Honorine FRA BEL Aisne 356 7939 65 Oise in Compiegne FRA Marne 514 12783 110 Seine in Ivry sur Seine FRA Yonne 292 10836 93 Seine in Montereau Fault Yonne FRA Aube 249 4595 41 Seine near Romilly sur Seine FRA 95 Vilaine 218 10459 72 Bay of Biscay in Penestin FRA17 14 13 Loire 1006 117356 889 Bay of Biscay in Saint Nazaire FRA Maine Sarthe Loir 338 22240 127 Loire near Angers FRA Mayenne 202 5844 50 Maine near Angers FRA Sarthe 314 16250 82 Maine near Angers FRA Loir 317 8294 32 Sarthe near Angers FRA Vienne 363 21161 210 Loire in Candes Saint Martin FRA Creuse 264 10279 85 Vienne near Chatellerault FRA Indre 279 3428 19 Loire near Candes Saint Martin FRA Cher 368 13718 96 Loire in Villandry FRA Allier 421 14350 144 Loire near Nevers FRA68 99 Charente 381 9855 49 Bay of Biscay near Rochefort FRA46 52 41 Dordogne 483 23957 380 Gironde estuary near Bordeaux FRA Isle 255 7558 63 Dordogne in Libourne FRA Vezere 211 3715 58 Dordogne near Le Bugue FRA39 30 17 Garonne Tarn 610 55846 650 Gironde estuary near Bordeaux FRA Garonne 575 55846 650 Gironde estuary near Bordeaux FRA ESP Lot 485 11538 155 Garonne near Aiguillon FRA Tarn 380 15586 233 Garonne near Castelsarrasin FRA Aveyron 291 5176 57 Tarn near Montauban FRA Ariege 163 4135 76 Garonne in Toulouse FRA89 67 45 Adour 308 16912 360 Bay of Biscay in Bayonne FRA Gaves reunis Gave de Pau 193 5464 82 Adour near Peyrehorade FRA71 70 48 Minho Sil 361 16651 340 Atlantic Ocean near Caminha POR ESP Minho 309 16651 340 Atlantic Ocean near Caminha POR ESP Sil 226 7969 100 Minho near Ourense ESP25 16 17 Douro 897 97290 650 Atlantic Ocean in Porto POR ESP Tormes 247 7054 42 Douro near de pt Villarino ESP Esla 275 16018 182 Douro near Muelas del Pan ESP Pisuerga 276 15665 82 Douro near Valladolid ESP Mondego 234 6656 108 Atlantic Ocean in Figueira da Foz POR16 24 26 Tagus 1007 70756 500 Atlantic Ocean near Lisbon POR ESP Jarama 194 11532 32 Tagus in Aranjuez ESP Sado 180 6186 40 Atlantic Ocean in Setubal POR21 25 Guadiana Ciguela Zancara 922 67027 79 Gulf of Cadiz near Ayamonte POR ESP Guadiana es 852 67027 79 Gulf of Cadiz near Ayamonte POR ESP31 27 83 Guadalquivir es fr es fr 722 57053 164 Gulf of Cadiz in Sanlucar de Barrameda ESP Genil 358 8257 9 3 Guadalquivir in Palma del Rio ESP82 71 Segura 325 16599 26 Mediterranean Sea in Guardamar del Segura ESP45 57 Jucar 498 21430 49 Balearic Sea in Cullera ESP98 Turia 280 6674 14 Balearic Sea in Valencia ESP23 19 21 Ebro 910 84763 577 Balearic Sea near Tortosa ESP Segre 265 22719 100 Ebro in Mequinenza ESP Cinca 170 9720 82 Segre near Mequinenza ESP Jalon Jiloca 224 9658 21 Ebro near Torres de Berrellen ESP Aragon 195 8529 41 Ebro near Tudela ESP Llobregat 170 4948 21 Balearic Sea near Barcelona ESP Aude 224 5327 44 Gulf of Lion near Narbonne FRA19 15 7 Rhone Saone Doubs 957 98131 1900 Gulf of Lion in Port Saint Louis du Rhone FRA SWI Rhone 812 98131 1900 Gulf of Lion in Port Saint Louis du Rhone FRA SWI Durance 323 14342 180 Rhone in Avignon FRA Isere 286 11890 333 Rhone near Valence FRA Saone 480 29321 473 Rhone in Lyon FRA Doubs 453 7874 176 Saone in Verdun sur le Doubs img
