The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to life forms:
A life form (also spelled life-form or lifeform) is an entity that is living, such as plants (flora), animals (fauna), and fungi (funga). It is estimated that more than 99% of all species that ever existed on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are extinct.
Earth is the only celestial body known to harbor life forms. No form of extraterrestrial life has yet been discovered.
Archaea
- Archaea – a domain of single-celled microorganisms, morphologically similar to bacteria, but they possess genes and several metabolic pathways that are more closely related to those of eukaryotes, notably the enzymes involved in transcription and translation. Many archaea are extremophiles, which means living in harsh environments, such as hot springs and salt lakes, but they have since been found in a broad range of habitats.
- Thermoproteota – a phylum of the Archaea kingdom. Initially
- Thermoprotei
- Sulfolobales – grow in terrestrial volcanic hot springs with optimum growth occurring
- Thermoprotei
- Euryarchaeota – In the taxonomy of microorganisms
- Haloarchaea
- Halobacteriales – in taxonomy, the Halobacteriales are an order of the Halobacteria, found in water saturated or nearly saturated with salt.
- Methanobacteria
- Methanobacteriales – information including symptoms, causes, diseases, symptoms, treatments, and other medical and health issues.
- Methanococci
- Methanococcales aka Methanocaldococcus jannaschii – thermophilic methanogenic archaea, meaning that it thrives at high temperatures and produces methane
- Methanomicrobia
- Methanosarcinales – In taxonomy, the Methanosarcinales are an order of the Methanomicrobia
- Methanopyri
- Methanopyrales – In taxonomy, the Methanopyrales are an order of the methanopyri.
- Thermococci
- Thermococcales
- Thermoplasmata
- Thermoplasmatales – An order of aerobic, thermophilic archaea, in the kingdom
- Haloarchaea
- Halophiles – organisms that thrive in high salt concentrations
- Korarchaeota
- Korarchaeum cryptofilum – These archaea have only been found in high temperature hydrothermal environments, particularly hot springs
- Lokiarchaeota
- Methanogens
- Nanoarchaeota
- Nanoarchaeum equitans – This organism was discovered in 2002 and lives inside another archaea.
- Psychrophiles – (sigh-crow-files)
- Nitrososphaerota – a phylum of the Archaea proposed in 2008 after the genome of Cenarchaeum symbiosum
- thermophilic – (a thermophile is an organism)
- Thermoproteota – a phylum of the Archaea kingdom. Initially
Bacteria
- Bacteria
- Gram positive no outer membrane
- Actinomycetota (high-G+C)
- Bacillota (low-G+C)
- Mycoplasmatota (no wall)
- Gram negative outer membrane present
- Aquificota
- Deinococcota
- Fibrobacterota/Chlorobiota/Bacteroidota (FCB group)
- Frateuria aurantia (a species of Proteobacteria)
- Fusobacteriota
- Gemmatimonadota
- Nitrospirota
- Planctomycetota/Verrucomicrobiota/Chlamydiota (PVC group)
- Pseudomonadota/Myxococcota/Bdellovibrionota/Campylobacterota
- Spirochaetota
- Synergistota
- Unknown / ungrouped
- Acidobacteriota
- Chloroflexota
- Chrysiogenota
- Cyanobacteria
- Deferribacterota
- Dictyoglomota
- Thermodesulfobacteriota
- Thermotogota
- Gram positive no outer membrane
Eukaryote
- Eukaryote – organisms whose cells contain complex structures enclosed within membranes.
- Unikonta
- Opisthokonta
- Animal – multicellular eukaryotic organisms that form the biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals consume organic material, breathe oxygen, are able to move, reproduce sexually, and grow from a hollow sphere of cells, the blastula, during embryonic development.
- Subkingdom Parazoa
- Porifera
- Placozoa
- Subkingdom Eumetazoa
- Radiata (unranked)
- Ctenophora
- Cnidaria
- Bilateria (unranked)
- Orthonectida
- Rhombozoa
- Acoelomorpha
- Chaetognatha
- Superphylum Deuterostomia
- Chordata
- Hemichordata
- Echinodermata
- Xenoturbellida
- Vetulicolia †
- Protostomia (unranked)
- Superphylum Ecdysozoa
- Kinorhyncha
- Loricifera
- Priapulida
- Nematoda
- Nematomorpha
- Lobopodia
- Onychophora
- Tardigrada
- Arthropoda
- Superphylum Platyzoa
- Platyhelminthes
- Gastrotricha
- Rotifera
- Acanthocephala
- Gnathostomulida
- Micrognathozoa
- Cycliophora
- Superphylum Lophotrochozoa
- Sipuncula
- Hyolitha †
- Nemertea
- Phoronida
- Bryozoa
- Entoprocta
- Brachiopoda
- Mollusca
- Annelida
- Echiura
- Superphylum Ecdysozoa
- Radiata (unranked)
- Subkingdom Parazoa
- Mesomycetozoa
- Fungi – any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes unicellular microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as multicellular fungi that produce familiar fruiting forms known as mushrooms.
- Blastocladiomycota
- Chytridiomycota
- Glomeromycota
- Microsporidia
- Neocallimastigomycota
- Dikarya (inc. Deuteromycota)
- Ascomycota
- Pezizomycotina
- Saccharomycotina
- Taphrinomycotina
- Basidiomycota
- Agaricomycotina
- Pucciniomycotina
- Ustilaginomycotina
- Ascomycota
- Subphyla incertae sedis
- Entomophthoromycotina
- Kickxellomycotina
- Mucoromycotina
- Zoopagomycotina
- Blastocladiomycota
- Animal – multicellular eukaryotic organisms that form the biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals consume organic material, breathe oxygen, are able to move, reproduce sexually, and grow from a hollow sphere of cells, the blastula, during embryonic development.
- Amoebozoa
- Conosa
- Mycetozoa (slime-molds)
- Archamoebae
- Lobosa
- Protamoebae
- Conosa
- Opisthokonta
- Bikonta
- Apusozoa
- Excavata
- Archaeplastida (plants, broadly defined)
- Glaucophyta – glaucophytes
- Rhodophyceae – red algae
- Chloroplastida
- Chlorophyta – green algae (part)
- Ulvophyceae
- Trebouxiophyceae
- Chlorophyceae
- Chlorodendrales – green algae (part)
- Prasinophytae – green algae (part)
- Mesostigma
- Charophyta sensu lato – green algae (part) and land plants
- Streptophytina – stoneworts and land plants
- Charales – stoneworts
- Plantae – land plants (embryophytes)
- Streptophytina – stoneworts and land plants
- SAR supergroup
- Alveolata
- Heterokonta
- Rhizaria
- Unikonta
See also
References
- "life form". World English Dictionary. Dictionary.com. 2009.
- "life form". Online Oxford Dictionary of English. Oxford University Press. 2005. Archived from the original on 2011-08-11.
- Kunin, W.E.; Gaston, Kevin, eds. (31 December 1996). The Biology of Rarity: Causes and consequences of rare—common differences. ISBN 978-0412633805. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
- Stearns, Beverly Peterson; Stearns, S. C.; Stearns, Stephen C. (2000). Watching, from the Edge of Extinction. Yale University Press. p. preface x. ISBN 978-0-300-08469-6. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
- Novacek, Michael J. (8 November 2014). "Prehistory's Brilliant Future". New York Times. Retrieved 2014-12-25.
- "Are we alone in the universe?". NASA. March 1, 2022. Retrieved July 12, 2022.
External links
- Life (Systema Naturae 2000)
- Vitae (BioLib)
- Biota (Taxonomicon)
- Wikispecies – a free directory of life
- MicrobeWiki, extensive wiki about bacteria and viruses
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to life forms A life form also spelled life form or lifeform is an entity that is living such as plants flora animals fauna and fungi funga It is estimated that more than 99 of all species that ever existed on Earth amounting to over five billion species are extinct Earth is the only celestial body known to harbor life forms No form of extraterrestrial life has yet been discovered ArchaeaArchaea a domain of single celled microorganisms morphologically similar to bacteria but they possess genes and several metabolic pathways that are more closely related to those of eukaryotes notably the enzymes involved in transcription and translation Many archaea are extremophiles which means living in harsh environments such as hot springs and salt lakes but they have since been found in a broad range of habitats Thermoproteota a phylum of the Archaea kingdom Initially Thermoprotei Sulfolobales grow in terrestrial volcanic hot springs with optimum growth occurring Euryarchaeota In the taxonomy of microorganisms Haloarchaea Halobacteriales in taxonomy the Halobacteriales are an order of the Halobacteria found in water saturated or nearly saturated with salt Methanobacteria Methanobacteriales information including symptoms causes diseases symptoms treatments and other medical and health issues Methanococci Methanococcales aka Methanocaldococcus jannaschii thermophilic methanogenic archaea meaning that it thrives at high temperatures and produces methane Methanomicrobia Methanosarcinales In taxonomy the Methanosarcinales are an order of the Methanomicrobia Methanopyri Methanopyrales In taxonomy the Methanopyrales are an order of the methanopyri Thermococci Thermococcales Thermoplasmata Thermoplasmatales An order of aerobic thermophilic archaea in the kingdom Halophiles organisms that thrive in high salt concentrations Korarchaeota Korarchaeum cryptofilum These archaea have only been found in high temperature hydrothermal environments particularly hot springs Lokiarchaeota Methanogens Nanoarchaeota Nanoarchaeum equitans This organism was discovered in 2002 and lives inside another archaea Psychrophiles sigh crow files Nitrososphaerota a phylum of the Archaea proposed in 2008 after the genome of Cenarchaeum symbiosum thermophilic a thermophile is an organism BacteriaBacteria Gram positive no outer membrane Actinomycetota high G C Bacillota low G C Mycoplasmatota no wall Gram negative outer membrane present Aquificota Deinococcota Fibrobacterota Chlorobiota Bacteroidota FCB group Frateuria aurantia a species of Proteobacteria Fusobacteriota Gemmatimonadota Nitrospirota Planctomycetota Verrucomicrobiota Chlamydiota PVC group Pseudomonadota Myxococcota Bdellovibrionota Campylobacterota Spirochaetota Synergistota Unknown ungrouped Acidobacteriota Chloroflexota Chrysiogenota Cyanobacteria Deferribacterota Dictyoglomota Thermodesulfobacteriota ThermotogotaEukaryoteEukaryote organisms whose cells contain complex structures enclosed within membranes Unikonta Opisthokonta Animal multicellular eukaryotic organisms that form the biological kingdom Animalia With few exceptions animals consume organic material breathe oxygen are able to move reproduce sexually and grow from a hollow sphere of cells the blastula during embryonic development Subkingdom Parazoa Porifera Placozoa Subkingdom Eumetazoa Radiata unranked Ctenophora Cnidaria Bilateria unranked Orthonectida Rhombozoa Acoelomorpha Chaetognatha Superphylum Deuterostomia Chordata Hemichordata Echinodermata Xenoturbellida Vetulicolia Protostomia unranked Superphylum Ecdysozoa Kinorhyncha Loricifera Priapulida Nematoda Nematomorpha Lobopodia Onychophora Tardigrada Arthropoda Superphylum Platyzoa Platyhelminthes Gastrotricha Rotifera Acanthocephala Gnathostomulida Micrognathozoa Cycliophora Superphylum Lophotrochozoa Sipuncula Hyolitha Nemertea Phoronida Bryozoa Entoprocta Brachiopoda Mollusca Annelida Echiura Mesomycetozoa Fungi any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes unicellular microorganisms such as yeasts and molds as well as multicellular fungi that produce familiar fruiting forms known as mushrooms Blastocladiomycota Chytridiomycota Glomeromycota Microsporidia Neocallimastigomycota Dikarya inc Deuteromycota Ascomycota Pezizomycotina Saccharomycotina Taphrinomycotina Basidiomycota Agaricomycotina Pucciniomycotina Ustilaginomycotina Subphyla incertae sedis Entomophthoromycotina Kickxellomycotina Mucoromycotina Zoopagomycotina Amoebozoa Conosa Mycetozoa slime molds Archamoebae Lobosa Protamoebae Bikonta Apusozoa Excavata Archaeplastida plants broadly defined Glaucophyta glaucophytes Rhodophyceae red algae Chloroplastida Chlorophyta green algae part Ulvophyceae Trebouxiophyceae Chlorophyceae Chlorodendrales green algae part Prasinophytae green algae part Mesostigma Charophyta sensu lato green algae part and land plants Streptophytina stoneworts and land plants Charales stoneworts Plantae land plants embryophytes SAR supergroup Alveolata Heterokonta RhizariaSee alsoOutline of biology Earliest known life forms Extraterrestrial life Hypothetical types of biochemistry Life Marine life OrganismReferences life form World English Dictionary Dictionary com 2009 life form Online Oxford Dictionary of English Oxford University Press 2005 Archived from the original on 2011 08 11 Kunin W E Gaston Kevin eds 31 December 1996 The Biology of Rarity Causes and consequences of rare common differences ISBN 978 0412633805 Retrieved 26 May 2015 Stearns Beverly Peterson Stearns S C Stearns Stephen C 2000 Watching from the Edge of Extinction Yale University Press p preface x ISBN 978 0 300 08469 6 Retrieved 30 May 2017 Novacek Michael J 8 November 2014 Prehistory s Brilliant Future New York Times Retrieved 2014 12 25 Are we alone in the universe NASA March 1 2022 Retrieved July 12 2022 External linksLife Systema Naturae 2000 Vitae BioLib Biota Taxonomicon Wikispecies a free directory of life MicrobeWiki extensive wiki about bacteria and viruses
