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One-party state

Author: www.NiNa.Az
Feb 06, 2025 / 12:31

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One-party state
One-party state
One-party state

A one-party state, single-party state, one-party system or single-party system is a governance structure in which only a single political party controls the ruling system. In a one-party state, all opposition parties are either outlawed or enjoy limited and controlled participation in elections. The term "de facto one-party state" is sometimes used to describe a dominant-party system that, unlike a one-party state, allows (at least nominally) multiparty elections, but the existing practices or balance of political power effectively prevent the opposition from winning power.

Membership in the ruling party tends to be relatively small compared to the population. With such a small winning coalition, leaders in one-party states usually lack the incentive to care about the well-being of citizens. Rather, they give out private goods to fellow elites to ensure continued support. One-party, compared to dominant-party dictatorships, structure themselves unlike democracies. They also turn into democracies at a lower rate than dominant-party dictatorships. While one-party states prohibit opposition parties, some allow for elections at the smallest local level. One-party states lack any legitimate competition. Therefore, they place elites and sympathetic candidates in key administrative races. For example, the Chinese Communist Party exercises political control by infiltrating village administrations. They view these positions as crucial for gathering information on the population and maintaining a presence in the far reaches of their borders.

One-party states recognize the trade-off between election victory and gathering valuable data. To account for this, the regimes have been observed placing local nobility in easy-to-win races. One-party states have also been observed using elections to ensure that only the most popular elites get chosen to office. They also gather data from elections to indicate if a local official is performing poorly in the eyes of the residents. This gives locals the opportunity to monitor local officials and communicate satisfaction with the local government. Throughout the country, members of the one party hold key political positions. In doing so, the party avoids committing outright fraud and rather sustains their power at the local level with strategic appointment of elites. Data on one-party regimes can be difficult to gather given their lack of transparency.

Current one-party states

As of 2025, the following countries are legally constituted as one-party states:

Country Head of party Leader title Party Ideology Date of establishment Duration Notes
image China
image
Xi Jinping 		General Secretary image Chinese Communist Party Socialism with Chinese characteristics 1 October 1949 75 years, 128 days Eight minor parties have legal status as part of the "united front" system, but their leadership is determined by the Chinese Communist Party's United Front Work Department
image Cuba
image
Miguel Díaz-Canel 		First Secretary image Communist Party of Cuba Marxism–Leninism, Castroism, Guevarism, Left-wing nationalism 3 October 1965 63 years, 296 days
image Eritrea
image
Isaias Afwerki 		Chairperson image People's Front for Democracy and Justice Eritrean nationalism, Statism 16 February 1994 30 years, 356 days
image Laos
image
Thongloun Sisoulith 		General Secretary image Lao People's Revolutionary Party Kaysone Phomvihane Thought 2 December 1975 49 years, 66 days
image North Korea
image
Kim Jong-un 		General Secretary image Workers' Party of Korea Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism 9 September 1948 76 years, 150 days Two minor parties are legally recognised, but are under the control of the Workers' Party of Korea
image Vietnam
image
Tô Lâm 		General Secretary image Communist Party of Vietnam Ho Chi Minh Thought 2 September 1945 49 years, 282 days Two satellite parties operated until 1988; they were dissolved in response to the Revolutions of 1989.

De facto one-party states

A de facto one-party system is one that, while not officially linking a single political party to governmental power, utilizes some means of political manipulation to ensure only one party stays in power. Many different countries have been claimed to be de facto one-party states, with differing levels of agreement between scholars, although most agree that the African continent is marked by this political system. Below are just a few examples of governments that have been claimed to have single party rule due to political manipulation.

Country Party Date of

establishment

Information
image Cambodia Cambodian People's Party 1998 While Cambodia is constitutionally a multi-party state, the Cambodian People's Party dominates its political system, and the party dissolved its main opposition party in 2017, making Cambodia a de facto one-party state.
image Nicaragua Sandinista National Liberation Front 2021 Although Nicaragua has been practicing multiparty elections since 1990, the country has become a de facto one-party state with Sandinista National Liberation Front as the sole dominating party and was consolidated after the 2021 Nicaraguan general election.
image Rwanda Rwandan Patriotic Front 1994 Although Rwanda nominally allows for multiparty elections, they are manipulated in various ways, which include the banning of opposition parties, the arrests or assassinations of critics, and electoral fraud.
image Venezuela United Socialist Party of Venezuela 2017 Since 2014, the country has been going through a period of crisis of legitimacy and exceptionality due to the order to close the National Assembly and the convocation of a Constituent Assembly by Nicolás Maduro on May 1, 2017, composed mostly of PSUV politicians. Since then, different laws have been approved to restrict political participation, including informal persecution and the disqualification of certain politicians (including complaints of electoral fraud), concluding in 2024, at which point, because of new laws, the majority of opposition politicians have been disqualified and their organizations banned, leaving only a controlled opposition.

Former one-party states

Country Party Ideology Date of establishment Date of dissolution Duration Continent
image Republic of Afghanistan National Revolutionary Party Pashtun nationalism, Pashtunization, Republicanism, Secularism 14 February 1977 28 April 1978 1 year, 73 days Asia
image Democratic Republic of Afghanistan image People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan-Khalq Communism, Marxism–Leninism, Stalinism, Pashtun nationalism, Anti-imperialism 30 April 1978 24 December 1979 1 year, 238 days Asia
imageimage Democratic Republic of Afghanistan/Republic of Afghanistan image People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan-Parcham (National Fatherland Front) Communism (until 1990), Marxism–Leninism (until 1990), Afghan nationalism, Anti-imperialism 24 December 1979 28 July 1992 12 years, 217 days Asia
image Albanian Kingdom image Albanian Fascist Party Albanian nationalism, Greater Albania, Fascism, Italophilia, Serbophobia, Hellenophobia 2 June 1939 27 July 1943 4 years, 55 days Europe
image Albanian Kingdom Guard of Greater Albania Albanian nationalism, Fascism 27 July 1943 8 September 1943 43 days Europe
image Albanian Kingdom National Front Albanian nationalism, Greater Albania, Anti-communism, Republicanism, Big tent, Agrarian socialism 14 September 1943 29 November 1943 76 days Europe
imageimage Democratic Government of Albania image Party of Labour of Albania (National Liberation Movement) Communism, Marxism–Leninism, Hoxhaism, Anti-revisionism, Albanian nationalism, State Atheism 20 October 1944 5 August 1945 289 days Europe
imageimage Democratic Government of Albania image Party of Labour of Albania (Democratic Front) 5 August 1945 11 January 1946 159 days Europe
image Albania 11 January 1946 11 December 1990 44 years, 334 days Europe
image Algeria image National Liberation Front Arab socialism, Algerian nationalism, Pan-Arabism, Anti-imperialism 3 July 1962 23 February 1989 26 years, 235 days Africa
image People's Republic of Angola image People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola Communism, Left-wing nationalism, Marxism–Leninism 11 November 1975 30 May 1991 15 years, 200 days Africa
image Armenia Communist Party of Armenia Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 2 December 1920 30 December 1922 2 years, 28 days Asia
image Transcaucasia Communist Party of Armenia Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 12 March 1922 30 December 1922 293 days Asia
image Federal State of Austria image Fatherland Front Clerical fascism 1 May 1934 13 March 1938 3 years, 316 days Europe
imageimageimage Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Communist Party Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 30 April 1920 30 December 1922 2 years, 244 days Asia
image Transcaucasia Azerbaijan Communist Party Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 12 March 1922 30 December 1922 293 days Asia
image Bangladesh Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League Mujibism, Bengali nationalism, Socialism 24 January 1975 15 August 1975 203 days Asia
image Bangladesh Jatiya Party Bangladeshi nationalism, Conservatism, Authoritarianism, Militarism 11 March 1988 6 December 1990 2 years, 270 days Asia
image Dahomey Dahomeyan Democratic Party African nationalism 15 December 1963 4 December 1965 1 year, 354 days Africa
image Benin image People's Revolutionary Party of Benin Communism, Marxism–Leninism (nominally) 30 November 1975 1 March 1990 14 years, 91 days Africa
image Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia image National Partnership Collaborationism, Nazism 6 April 1939 9 May 1945 6 years, 33 days Europe
imageimageimageimage Bulgaria image Bulgarian Communist Party (Fatherland Front) Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 15 September 1946 15 January 1990 43 years, 122 days Europe
image State of Burma Dobama Sinyetha Asi Ayon 1943 1944 1 year, 0 days Asia
image State of Burma Maha Bama Asi Ayon 1944 1945 1 year, 0 days Asia
image Burma image Burma Socialist Programme Party Burmese Way to Socialism 2 March 1962 18 September 1988 26 years, 200 days Asia
imageimage Republic of Burundi image Union for National Progress Burundian nationalism, Tutsi interests 11 July 1974 13 March 1992 17 years, 246 days Africa
image Byelorussia Communist Party of Byelorussia Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 31 July 1920 30 December 1922 2 years, 152 days Europe
image Cambodia (Sangkum era) Sangkum Khmer nationalism, National conservatism, Royalism, Statism, Buddhist socialism, Economic nationalism 22 March 1955 18 March 1970 14 years, 361 days Asia
imageimage Kampuchea Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party Communism, Socialism, Marxism–Leninism, Revisionism, Left-wing nationalism 7 January 1979 1 May 1989 10 years, 114 days Asia
imageimage Republic of Cameroon Cameroonian National Union Big tent 1 September 1966 24 March 1985 18 years, 204 days Africa
image Cameroon Cameroon People's Democratic Movement Big tent, Nationalism, Francophilia 1975 1990 15 years, 0 days Africa
image Cape Verde image African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde Communism, Marxism–Leninism 1 July 1975 20 January 1981 5 years, 203 days Africa
image Cape Verde image African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde Communism, Marxism–Leninism 20 January 1981 28 September 1990 9 years, 251 days Africa
image Carpatho-Ukraine  [uk] Nationalism 18 January 1939 March 1939 60 days Europe
image Central African Republic Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa African nationalism, Anti-colonialism, Progressivism, Anti-imperialism 1962 1980 18 years, 0 days Africa
image Central African Republic Central African Democratic Union African nationalism, Republicanism 1 March 1980 2 September 1981 1 year, 185 days Africa
image Central African Republic Central African Democratic Rally African nationalism, Democratic socialism, Social democracy, Republicanism 6 February 1987 22 April 1991 4 years, 75 days Africa
image Chad Chadian Progressive Party African nationalism, Pan-Africanism, Anti-imperialism, African socialism, Federalism 16 April 1962 6 April 1973 10 years, 355 days Africa
image Chad National Movement for the Cultural and Social Revolution African nationalism, Pan-Africanism, Anti-imperialism, African socialism, Federalism 6 April 1973 13 April 1975 2 years, 7 days Africa
image Chad National Union for Independence and Revolution Nationalism 24 June 1984 3 December 1990 6 years, 162 days Africa
Guangzhou Chinese Communist Party Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Chinese communism 1927 1927 Asia
Hunan Chinese Communist Party Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Chinese communism 1927 1927 Asia
Jinggang Chinese Communist Party Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Chinese communism 1927 1928 1 year, 0 days Asia
Southwest Jiangxi Chinese Communist Party Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Chinese communism 1930 1931 1 year, 0 days Asia
image Chinese Soviet Republic image Chinese Communist Party Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Chinese communism 7 November 1931 22 September 1937 5 years, 319 days Asia
image Xinjiang People's Anti-Imperialist Association Six Great Policies 1 August 1935 1 April 1942 6 years, 243 days Asia
image Republic of China/Taiwan image Kuomintang Tridemism 1 July 1925 15 July 1987 62 years, 14 days Asia
Yan'an Chinese Communist Party Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Chinese communism 1937 1949 12 years, 0 days Asia
image Comoros Comorian Union for Progress Nationalism 1982 1990 8 years, 0 days Africa
imageimage People's Republic of the Congo Congolese Party of Labour Communism, Marxism–Leninism 31 January 1969 18 March 1992 23 years, 47 days Africa
image Tinoquista Costa Rica Peliquista Party Nationalism, Personalism, Authoritarianism 27 January 1917 12 August 1919 2 years, 197 days North America
image Czechoslovakia image Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (National Front) Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism, Husakism 25 February 1948 30 November 1989 41 years, 278 days Europe
image Dahomey Dahomeyan Unity Party African nationalism, Republicanism 11 April 1961 13 November 1963 2 years, 216 days Africa
image Danzig image Nazi Party Nazism 21 October 1937 1 September 1939 1 year, 315 days Europe
image Djibouti People's Rally for Progress Issa interests 1 October 1981 4 September 1992 10 years, 339 days Africa
image Dominican Republic Dominican Party Trujillism, National conservatism, Right-wing populism, Antihaitianismo 2 August 1931 28 December 1961 30 years, 148 days North America
image East Germany image Socialist Unity Party of Germany (Democratic Bloc) Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 7 October 1949 30 March 1950 174 days Europe
image East Germany image Socialist Unity Party of Germany (National Front of the German Democratic Republic) Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 30 March 1950 1 December 1989 39 years, 246 days Europe
image Egypt Liberation Rally Egyptian nationalism, Pan-Arabism, Socialism 10 February 1953 1957 4 years, 0 days Africa
image Egypt National Union Nasserism, Pan-Arabism, Socialism 1957 1962 5 years, 0 days Africa
image Egypt Arab Socialist Union Arab nationalism, Arab socialism, Pan-Arabism, Nasserism 1961 1976 15 years, 0 days Africa
image Egypt National Democratic Party Egyptian nationalism, Big-Tent, Neo-liberalism 1976 2011 35 years, 0 days Africa
image El Salvador image National Pro Patria Party Fascism, Anti-communism, Conservatism, Agrarian oligarchy 1933 1944 11 years, 0 days Central America
image Equatorial Guinea United National Workers' Party African nationalism, Personalism, Anti-imperialism, Anti-colonialism, Anti-racism, Pan-Africanism, Anti-intellectualism, Totalitarianism 7 July 1970 25 August 1979 9 years, 49 days Africa
image Equatorial Guinea Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea African nationalism, Militarism 11 October 1987 16 November 1991 4 years, 36 days Africa
image Eritrea image Eritrean People's Liberation Front Left-wing nationalism 1991 (Provisional government)

1993 (Recognized state)

16 February 1994 3 years, 0 days Africa
image Estonia Patriotic League (National Front for the Implementation of the Constitution) Estonian nationalism, Personalism 9 March 1935 21 July 1940 5 years, 134 days Europe
image Estonia Communist Party of Estonia Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 21 July 1940 9 August 1940 19 days Europe
image Ethiopia Commission for Organizing the Party of the Working People of Ethiopia Communism, Marxism–Leninism 12 September 1984 22 February 1987 2 years, 163 days Africa
image Ethiopia image Workers' Party of Ethiopia Communism, Marxism–Leninism 22 February 1987 28 April 1991 4 years, 65 days Africa
image Gabon Gabonese Democratic Party Conservatism 12 March 1968 22 May 1990 22 years, 71 days Africa
image Georgia Communist Party of Georgia Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 25 February 1921 30 December 1922 1 year, 308 days Asia
image Transcaucasia Communist Party of Georgia Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 12 March 1922 30 December 1922 293 days Asia
image Nazi Germany image National Socialist German Workers' Party Nazism 14 July 1933 23 May 1945 11 years, 313 days Europe
image Reich Commissariat for the Occupied Dutch Territories image National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands Collaborationism, Dutch irredentism, Dutch nationalism and Nazism 14 December 1941 6 May 1945 3 years, 143 days Europe
image Ghana Convention People's Party Nkrumaism, African socialism, African nationalism, Pan-Africanism 31 January 1964 24 February 1966 2 years, 24 days Africa
image Grenada New Jewel Movement Communism, Marxism–Leninism 13 March 1979 25 October 1983 4 years, 226 days North America
image Guatemala Progressive Liberal Party Ubicoism, Liberalism, Nationalism, Anti-communism 1931 1944 Central America
image Guinea Democratic Party of Guinea – African Democratic Rally African nationalism, African socialism, Pan-Africanism 1960 1984 Africa
image Guinea-Bissau African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde Communism, Marxism–Leninism 1974 1991 Africa
image Haiti image National Unity Party Black nationalism, Haitian nationalism, Right-wing populism, Anti-communism, Anti-Americanism 14 June 1957 22 July 1985 28 years, 38 days North America
image Hawaii Reform Party Americanisation, Annexationism 4 July 1894 12 August 1898 4 years, 39 days North America
image Government of National Unity image Arrow Cross Party Hungarism, Fascism, Collaborationism, Agrarianism 16 October 1944 7 May 1945 203 days Europe
imageimageimage Hungary image Hungarian Working People's Party Communism, Marxism–Leninism, Stalinism 20 August 1949 31 October 1956 7 years, 72 days Europe
imageimageimage Hungary Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party Communism, Marxism–Leninism, Kádárism 31 October 1956 16 October 1989 32 years, 350 days Europe
image Indonesia Indonesian National Party Nationalism, Marhaenism 17 August 1945 3 November 1945 78 days Asia
image Imperial State of Iran Rastakhiz Party Monarchism, Populism, Secularism, Democratic centralism, Third Position 2 March 1975 1 November 1978 3 years, 244 days Asia
imageimage Iraq Iraqi Arab Socialist Union Arab nationalism, Arab socialism, Pan-Arabism, Nasserism 14 July 1964 17 July 1968 Asia
imageimage Iraq image Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party Saddamist Ba'athism, Arab nationalism, Arab socialism, Pan-Arabism, militarism 17 July 1968 9 April 2003 Asia
image Kingdom of Italy
  • image Libya
 image National Fascist Party
  • image Muslim Association of the Lictor
 Fascism, Corporatism, Ultranationalism, Totalitarianism 17 May 1928
  • 9 January 1939
 27 July 1943 Europe
  • Africa
image Italian Social Republic image Republican Fascist Party Fascism, Corporatism, Ultranationalism, Totalitarianism, Antisemitism, Collaborationism 13 September 1943 28 April 1945 Europe
image Ivory Coast Democratic Party of Ivory Coast – African Democratic Rally African nationalism, Conservatism, Populism, Houphouëtism, Pan-Africanism 1960 1990 Africa
image Empire of Japan Imperial Rule Assistance Association Shōwa statism 1940 1945 Asia
image Philippine Executive Commission image Association for Service to the New Philippines Filipino nationalism, National conservatism, Fascism, Japanophilia, collaborationism 8 December 1942 14 October 1943 Asia
image Kampuchea image Communist Party of Kampuchea Communism, Marxism–Leninism, Agrarianism, Autarky, Khmer nationalism, Ultranationalism 17 April 1975 22 June 1982 Asia
image Kenya Kenya African National Union Kenyan nationalism, Conservatism 1969 (de facto)
1982 (de jure) 		1991 Africa
image Independent State of Croatia Ustaša – Croatian Revolutionary Movement Croatian irredentism, Croatian ultranationalism, National conservatism, Social conservatism, Clerical fascism, Fascist corporatism, Political Catholicism, Anti-communism 10 April 1941 8 May 1945 Europe
image Latvia Communist Party of Latvia Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 17 December 1918 13 January 1920 Europe
image Latvia Communist Party of Latvia Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 21 July 1940 5 August 1940 Europe
image Liberia True Whig Party Black conservatism, Centralization, Protectionism, Whiggism (until 1940s) 1878 April 1980 Africa
image Libya Arab Socialist Union Arab nationalism, Arab socialism, Pan-Arabism, Nasserism 1971 1977 Africa
image Lithuania–Byelorussia Communist Party of Lithuania and Belorussia Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 17 February 1919 17 July 1919 Europe
image Lithuania image Lithuanian Nationalist Union Lithuanian nationalism, National conservatism, Social conservatism, Fascist corporatism, Anti-communism 1926 1940 14 years Europe
image Lithuania Communist Party of Lithuania Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 21 July 1940 3 August 1940 Europe
image Democratic Republic of Madagascar National Front for the Defense of the Revolution Left-wing nationalism, Scientific socialism 1976 1989 Africa
image Malawi Malawi Congress Party Ubuntu, Conservatism, African nationalism, Anti-colonialism 1964 1993 Africa
imageimage Mali Sudanese Union – African Democratic Rally African nationalism, Pan-Africanism, African socialism 1960 1968 Africa
image Mali Democratic Union of the Malian People African socialism, Democratic centralism 1976 1991 Africa
image Manchukuo image Concordia Association Fascism, Monarchism, Manchurian nationalism, Pan-Asianism, Anti-communism, Personalism, collaborationism 1 April 1932 1 May 1945 Asia
image Mauritania Mauritanian People's Party Nationalism, Centralism, Islamic socialism 1961 1978 Africa
image Mexico Institutional Revolutionary Party Revolutionary nationalism, Big tent 4 March 1929 2 July 2000 71 years, 120 days North America
imageimageimageimage Mongolia Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party Communism, Marxism–Leninism 1921 29 July 1990 Asia
imageimageimageimage Mozambique image FRELIMO Marxism–Leninism 25 June 1975 1 December 1990 Africa
image Niger Nigerien Progressive Party – African Democratic Rally African nationalism, Pan-Africanism 1960 1974 Africa
image Niger National Movement for the Development of Society Conservatism 1989 1991 Africa
image Vietnam (partially) image Workers' Party of North Vietnam (League for the Independence of Vietnam) Communism, Marxism–Leninism, Ho Chi Minh Thought 2 September 1945 1946[citation needed] Asia
image North Vietnam Workers' Party of North Vietnam (Vietnamese Fatherland Front) Communism, Marxism–Leninism, Ho Chi Minh Thought 1955 2 July 1976 Asia
image North Yemen image General People's Congress Yemeni nationalism, Arab nationalism, Pan-Arabism, Big tent 1982 1988 Asia
image National Government image National Rally Fascism, Nazism, Fascist corporatism, Anti-communism, Collaborationism 25 September 1940 8 May 1945 Europe
image Ottoman Empire Union and Progress Party İttihadism 11 June 1913 1918 Asia/Europe
image Paraguay image Colorado Party Conservatism, national conservatism 1947 1962 South America
image Persia Communist Party of Persia Communism, Marxism–Leninism 1920 1921 Asia
image Republic of the Philippines image Association for Service to the New Philippines Filipino nationalism, National conservatism, Fascism, Japanophilia, collaborationism 14 October 1943 17 August 1945 Asia
imageimageimage Poland image Polish United Workers' Party (Front of National Unity) Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 5 February 1947 July 1982 Europe
imageimage Poland image Polish United Workers' Party (Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth) Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism July 1982 24 August 1989 Europe
image Portugal image National Union Salazarism, corporatism, Integralismo Lusitano 30 July 1930 8 October 1945 Europe
image Portugal image National Union Salazarism, corporatism, Integralismo Lusitano 31 January 1948 September 1969 Europe
image Portugal image People's National Action (formerly National Union) Corporatism, Integralismo Lusitano 1970 25 April 1974 Europe
image Romania image National Renaissance Front Big tent, Romanian nationalism, Monarchism 16 December 1938 6 September 1940 Europe
imageimage National Legionary State image Iron Guard Legionarism, clerical fascism, Christian nationalism 6 September 1940 23 January 1941 Europe
imageimageimageimage Romania image Romanian Communist Party (People's Democratic Front) Communism, Marxism–Leninism 5 February 1948 1968 Europe
imageimageimage Romania image Romanian Communist Party (Front of Socialist Unity) Communism, Marxism–Leninism, National Communism 1968 1980 Europe
imageimageimageimage Romania image Romanian Communist Party (Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy) Communism, Marxism–Leninism, National Communism 1980 29 December 1989 Europe
image Rwanda Parmehutu Hutu Power 1965 1973 Africa
image Rwanda image National Revolutionary Movement for Development Hutu Power, Ultranationalism, Social conservatism, Anti-communism 1978 1991 Africa
image San Marino Sammarinese Fascist Party Italian fascism, Corporatism 1926 1943 Europe
image San Marino Republican Fascist Party of San Marino Italian fascism 1943 1944 Europe
image Senegal Socialist Party of Senegal African nationalism, African socialism 1966 1974 Africa
image Seychelles Seychelles People's Progressive Front Communism, Marxism-Leninism 1979 1991 Africa
image Sierra Leone All People's Congress African nationalism, Democratic socialism 1978 1991 Africa
image Slovak Republic image Hlinka's Slovak People's Party – Party of Slovak National Unity Clerical fascism, Slovak nationalism 14 March 1939 8 May 1945 Europe
image Somalia Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party Islamic socialism, Marxism–Leninism, Pan-Somalism

Scientific socialism, Somali nationalism

July 1976 26 January 1991 Africa
image South Korea Democratic Republican Party Conservative, Corporatist, Korean Nationalism, Right-wing Populism, Anti-communism 21 November 1972 17 October 1980 Asia
image People's Republic of Southern Yemen image National Liberation Front,

image Yemeni Socialist Party

Arab nationalism, Arab socialism 30 November 1967 31 October 1978 Asia
image People's Democratic Republic of Yemen image Yemeni Socialist Party Communism, Marxism–Leninism 31 October 1978 22 May 1990 Asia
image Democratic Republic of Yemen image Yemeni Socialist Party Communism, Marxism–Leninism 21 May 1994 7 July 1994 Asia
image Estonia Russian Communist Party (Central Committee of the Estonian Sections) Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 29 November 1918 5 June 1919 188 days Europe
imageimage Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Russian Communist Party Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 8 March 1918 30 December 1922 4 years, 297 days Europe/Asia
imageimage Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Russian Social Democratic Labour Party Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 19 January 1918 8 March 1918 48 days Europe/Asia
imageimageimageimage Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Russian Communist Party Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 30 December 1922 31 December 1925 3 years, 1 day Europe/Asia
imageimageimageimage Union of Soviet Socialist Republics All-Union Communist Party Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism, Stalinism 31 December 1925 13 October 1952 26 years, 287 days Europe/Asia
imageimageimage Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Communist Party of the Soviet Union Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 13 October 1952 9 October 1990 37 years, 361 days Europe/Asia
image Kingdom of Spain Patriotic Union Spanish nationalism, Political Catholicism, Monarchism, Conservatism 1924 1930 Europe
image Spanish State image FET y de las JONS Francoism, Falangism, Spanish nationalism, traditionalism, National Catholicism, anti-liberalism, corporatism 1 April 1939 6 July 1976 Europe
image Democratic Republic of the Sudan image Sudanese Socialist Union Arab nationalism, Arab socialism, Anti-communism 1971 1985 Africa
image Sudan National Congress Party Islamism, Arab nationalism, Salafism, Social conservatism 1989 2005 Africa
image Syrian Republic Arab Liberation Movement Pan-Arabism, Modernization, Pro-Western 1953 1954 Asia
image Syrian Arab Republic image Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party (National Progressive Front) Neo-Ba'athism 8 March 1963 27 February 2012
8 December 2024 (de-facto) 		Asia
image São Tomé and Príncipe Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe – Social Democratic Party Communism, Marxism–Leninism 1975 1990 Africa
image Tanganyika image Tanganyika African National Union African nationalism, African socialism, Ujamaa 1961 1977 Africa
image Tanzania Chama Cha Mapinduzi Ujamaa, African socialism 1977 1992 Africa
image Togo Party of Togolese Unity African nationalism 1962 1963 Africa
image Togo Rally of the Togolese People African nationalism, Right-wing populism 1969 1991 Africa
image Tunisia Neo Destour Tunisian nationalism, Bourguibism, Arab nationalism, secularism 1963 1964 Africa
image Tunisia Socialist Destourian Party Tunisian nationalism, Secularism, Bourguibism 1964 1981 Africa
image Turkey (one-party period) image Republican People's Party Kemalism 1923 1945 Asia/Europe
image Turkmenistan Democratic Party of Turkmenistan Turkmen nationalism, Secularism, Social conservatism, Catch-all party 1992 2008 Asia
imageimageimageimageimageimageimage Tuva image Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 14 August 1921 11 October 1944 Asia
image Uganda image Uganda People's Congress Social democracy, African nationalism, Pan-Africanism 1969 1971 Africa
image Ukraine Communist Party of Ukraine Communism, Marxism–Leninism, democratic centralism, state socialism 10 March 1919 30 December 1922 Europe
image United Arab Republic National Union Arab nationalism, Arab socialism, Pan-Arabism 1958 1961 Africa
image Upper Volta Voltaic Democratic Union-African Democratic Rally African nationalism, Pan-Africanism 1960 1966 Africa
image Yugoslavia Yugoslav Radical Peasants' Democracy Royalism, Yugoslav nationalism, Agrarianism, Centralism, Anti-liberalism 1929 1931 Europe
image

This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these messages This article may need to be rewritten to comply with Wikipedia s quality standards You can help The talk page may contain suggestions May 2024 This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources One party state news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2024 Learn how and when to remove this message Learn how and when to remove this message A one party state single party state one party system or single party system is a governance structure in which only a single political party controls the ruling system In a one party state all opposition parties are either outlawed or enjoy limited and controlled participation in elections The term de facto one party state is sometimes used to describe a dominant party system that unlike a one party state allows at least nominally multiparty elections but the existing practices or balance of political power effectively prevent the opposition from winning power Membership in the ruling party tends to be relatively small compared to the population With such a small winning coalition leaders in one party states usually lack the incentive to care about the well being of citizens Rather they give out private goods to fellow elites to ensure continued support One party compared to dominant party dictatorships structure themselves unlike democracies They also turn into democracies at a lower rate than dominant party dictatorships While one party states prohibit opposition parties some allow for elections at the smallest local level One party states lack any legitimate competition Therefore they place elites and sympathetic candidates in key administrative races For example the Chinese Communist Party exercises political control by infiltrating village administrations They view these positions as crucial for gathering information on the population and maintaining a presence in the far reaches of their borders One party states recognize the trade off between election victory and gathering valuable data To account for this the regimes have been observed placing local nobility in easy to win races One party states have also been observed using elections to ensure that only the most popular elites get chosen to office They also gather data from elections to indicate if a local official is performing poorly in the eyes of the residents This gives locals the opportunity to monitor local officials and communicate satisfaction with the local government Throughout the country members of the one party hold key political positions In doing so the party avoids committing outright fraud and rather sustains their power at the local level with strategic appointment of elites Data on one party regimes can be difficult to gather given their lack of transparency Current one party statesAs of 2025 the following countries are legally constituted as one party states Country Head of party Leader title Party Ideology Date of establishment Duration NotesChina Xi Jinping General Secretary Chinese Communist Party Socialism with Chinese characteristics 1 October 1949 75 years 128 days Eight minor parties have legal status as part of the united front system but their leadership is determined by the Chinese Communist Party s United Front Work DepartmentCuba Miguel Diaz Canel First Secretary Communist Party of Cuba Marxism Leninism Castroism Guevarism Left wing nationalism 3 October 1965 63 years 296 daysEritrea Isaias Afwerki Chairperson People s Front for Democracy and Justice Eritrean nationalism Statism 16 February 1994 30 years 356 daysLaos Thongloun Sisoulith General Secretary Lao People s Revolutionary Party Kaysone Phomvihane Thought 2 December 1975 49 years 66 daysNorth Korea Kim Jong un General Secretary Workers Party of Korea Kimilsungism Kimjongilism 9 September 1948 76 years 150 days Two minor parties are legally recognised but are under the control of the Workers Party of KoreaVietnam To Lam General Secretary Communist Party of Vietnam Ho Chi Minh Thought 2 September 1945 49 years 282 days Two satellite parties operated until 1988 they were dissolved in response to the Revolutions of 1989 De facto one party statesThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it November 2024 A de facto one party system is one that while not officially linking a single political party to governmental power utilizes some means of political manipulation to ensure only one party stays in power Many different countries have been claimed to be de facto one party states with differing levels of agreement between scholars although most agree that the African continent is marked by this political system Below are just a few examples of governments that have been claimed to have single party rule due to political manipulation Country Party Date of establishment Information Cambodia Cambodian People s Party 1998 While Cambodia is constitutionally a multi party state the Cambodian People s Party dominates its political system and the party dissolved its main opposition party in 2017 making Cambodia a de facto one party state Nicaragua Sandinista National Liberation Front 2021 Although Nicaragua has been practicing multiparty elections since 1990 the country has become a de facto one party state with Sandinista National Liberation Front as the sole dominating party and was consolidated after the 2021 Nicaraguan general election Rwanda Rwandan Patriotic Front 1994 Although Rwanda nominally allows for multiparty elections they are manipulated in various ways which include the banning of opposition parties the arrests or assassinations of critics and electoral fraud Venezuela United Socialist Party of Venezuela 2017 Since 2014 the country has been going through a period of crisis of legitimacy and exceptionality due to the order to close the National Assembly and the convocation of a Constituent Assembly by Nicolas Maduro on May 1 2017 composed mostly of PSUV politicians Since then different laws have been approved to restrict political participation including informal persecution and the disqualification of certain politicians including complaints of electoral fraud concluding in 2024 at which point because of new laws the majority of opposition politicians have been disqualified and their organizations banned leaving only a controlled opposition Former one party statesCountry Party Ideology Date of establishment Date of dissolution Duration ContinentRepublic of Afghanistan National Revolutionary Party Pashtun nationalism Pashtunization Republicanism Secularism 14 February 1977 28 April 1978 1 year 73 days AsiaDemocratic Republic of Afghanistan People s Democratic Party of Afghanistan Khalq Communism Marxism Leninism Stalinism Pashtun nationalism Anti imperialism 30 April 1978 24 December 1979 1 year 238 days AsiaDemocratic Republic of Afghanistan Republic of Afghanistan People s Democratic Party of Afghanistan Parcham National Fatherland Front Communism until 1990 Marxism Leninism until 1990 Afghan nationalism Anti imperialism 24 December 1979 28 July 1992 12 years 217 days AsiaAlbanian Kingdom Albanian Fascist Party Albanian nationalism Greater Albania Fascism Italophilia Serbophobia Hellenophobia 2 June 1939 27 July 1943 4 years 55 days EuropeAlbanian Kingdom Guard of Greater Albania Albanian nationalism Fascism 27 July 1943 8 September 1943 43 days EuropeAlbanian Kingdom National Front Albanian nationalism Greater Albania Anti communism Republicanism Big tent Agrarian socialism 14 September 1943 29 November 1943 76 days EuropeDemocratic Government of Albania Party of Labour of Albania National Liberation Movement Communism Marxism Leninism Hoxhaism Anti revisionism Albanian nationalism State Atheism 20 October 1944 5 August 1945 289 days EuropeDemocratic Government of Albania Party of Labour of Albania Democratic Front 5 August 1945 11 January 1946 159 days EuropeAlbania 11 January 1946 11 December 1990 44 years 334 days Europe Algeria National Liberation Front Arab socialism Algerian nationalism Pan Arabism Anti imperialism 3 July 1962 23 February 1989 26 years 235 days AfricaPeople s Republic of Angola People s Movement for the Liberation of Angola Communism Left wing nationalism Marxism Leninism 11 November 1975 30 May 1991 15 years 200 days AfricaArmenia Communist Party of Armenia Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 2 December 1920 30 December 1922 2 years 28 days AsiaTranscaucasia Communist Party of Armenia Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 12 March 1922 30 December 1922 293 days AsiaFederal State of Austria Fatherland Front Clerical fascism 1 May 1934 13 March 1938 3 years 316 days EuropeAzerbaijan Azerbaijan Communist Party Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 30 April 1920 30 December 1922 2 years 244 days AsiaTranscaucasia Azerbaijan Communist Party Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 12 March 1922 30 December 1922 293 days Asia Bangladesh Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League Mujibism Bengali nationalism Socialism 24 January 1975 15 August 1975 203 days Asia Bangladesh Jatiya Party Bangladeshi nationalism Conservatism Authoritarianism Militarism 11 March 1988 6 December 1990 2 years 270 days AsiaDahomey Dahomeyan Democratic Party African nationalism 15 December 1963 4 December 1965 1 year 354 days AfricaBenin People s Revolutionary Party of Benin Communism Marxism Leninism nominally 30 November 1975 1 March 1990 14 years 91 days AfricaProtectorate of Bohemia and Moravia National Partnership Collaborationism Nazism 6 April 1939 9 May 1945 6 years 33 days EuropeBulgaria Bulgarian Communist Party Fatherland Front Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 15 September 1946 15 January 1990 43 years 122 days EuropeState of Burma Dobama Sinyetha Asi Ayon 1943 1944 1 year 0 days AsiaState of Burma Maha Bama Asi Ayon 1944 1945 1 year 0 days AsiaBurma Burma Socialist Programme Party Burmese Way to Socialism 2 March 1962 18 September 1988 26 years 200 days AsiaRepublic of Burundi Union for National Progress Burundian nationalism Tutsi interests 11 July 1974 13 March 1992 17 years 246 days AfricaByelorussia Communist Party of Byelorussia Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 31 July 1920 30 December 1922 2 years 152 days Europe Cambodia Sangkum era Sangkum Khmer nationalism National conservatism Royalism Statism Buddhist socialism Economic nationalism 22 March 1955 18 March 1970 14 years 361 days AsiaKampuchea Kampuchean People s Revolutionary Party Communism Socialism Marxism Leninism Revisionism Left wing nationalism 7 January 1979 1 May 1989 10 years 114 days AsiaRepublic of Cameroon Cameroonian National Union Big tent 1 September 1966 24 March 1985 18 years 204 days Africa Cameroon Cameroon People s Democratic Movement Big tent Nationalism Francophilia 1975 1990 15 years 0 days Africa Cape Verde African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde Communism Marxism Leninism 1 July 1975 20 January 1981 5 years 203 days Africa Cape Verde African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde Communism Marxism Leninism 20 January 1981 28 September 1990 9 years 251 days AfricaCarpatho Ukraine uk Nationalism 18 January 1939 March 1939 60 days Europe Central African Republic Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa African nationalism Anti colonialism Progressivism Anti imperialism 1962 1980 18 years 0 days Africa Central African Republic Central African Democratic Union African nationalism Republicanism 1 March 1980 2 September 1981 1 year 185 days Africa Central African Republic Central African Democratic Rally African nationalism Democratic socialism Social democracy Republicanism 6 February 1987 22 April 1991 4 years 75 days AfricaChad Chadian Progressive Party African nationalism Pan Africanism Anti imperialism African socialism Federalism 16 April 1962 6 April 1973 10 years 355 days Africa Chad National Movement for the Cultural and Social Revolution African nationalism Pan Africanism Anti imperialism African socialism Federalism 6 April 1973 13 April 1975 2 years 7 days Africa Chad National Union for Independence and Revolution Nationalism 24 June 1984 3 December 1990 6 years 162 days AfricaGuangzhou Chinese Communist Party Marxism Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Chinese communism 1927 1927 AsiaHunan Chinese Communist Party Marxism Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Chinese communism 1927 1927 AsiaJinggang Chinese Communist Party Marxism Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Chinese communism 1927 1928 1 year 0 days AsiaSouthwest Jiangxi Chinese Communist Party Marxism Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Chinese communism 1930 1931 1 year 0 days AsiaChinese Soviet Republic Chinese Communist Party Marxism Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Chinese communism 7 November 1931 22 September 1937 5 years 319 days AsiaXinjiang People s Anti Imperialist Association Six Great Policies 1 August 1935 1 April 1942 6 years 243 days Asia Republic of China Taiwan Kuomintang Tridemism 1 July 1925 15 July 1987 62 years 14 days AsiaYan an Chinese Communist Party Marxism Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Chinese communism 1937 1949 12 years 0 days Asia Comoros Comorian Union for Progress Nationalism 1982 1990 8 years 0 days AfricaPeople s Republic of the Congo Congolese Party of Labour Communism Marxism Leninism 31 January 1969 18 March 1992 23 years 47 days AfricaTinoquista Costa Rica Peliquista Party Nationalism Personalism Authoritarianism 27 January 1917 12 August 1919 2 years 197 days North AmericaCzechoslovakia Communist Party of Czechoslovakia National Front Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism Husakism 25 February 1948 30 November 1989 41 years 278 days EuropeDahomey Dahomeyan Unity Party African nationalism Republicanism 11 April 1961 13 November 1963 2 years 216 days AfricaDanzig Nazi Party Nazism 21 October 1937 1 September 1939 1 year 315 days Europe Djibouti People s Rally for Progress Issa interests 1 October 1981 4 September 1992 10 years 339 days AfricaDominican Republic Dominican Party Trujillism National conservatism Right wing populism Antihaitianismo 2 August 1931 28 December 1961 30 years 148 days North AmericaEast Germany Socialist Unity Party of Germany Democratic Bloc Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 7 October 1949 30 March 1950 174 days EuropeEast Germany Socialist Unity Party of Germany National Front of the German Democratic Republic Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 30 March 1950 1 December 1989 39 years 246 days Europe Egypt Liberation Rally Egyptian nationalism Pan Arabism Socialism 10 February 1953 1957 4 years 0 days Africa Egypt National Union Nasserism Pan Arabism Socialism 1957 1962 5 years 0 days Africa Egypt Arab Socialist Union Arab nationalism Arab socialism Pan Arabism Nasserism 1961 1976 15 years 0 days Africa Egypt National Democratic Party Egyptian nationalism Big Tent Neo liberalism 1976 2011 35 years 0 days AfricaEl Salvador National Pro Patria Party Fascism Anti communism Conservatism Agrarian oligarchy 1933 1944 11 years 0 days Central America Equatorial Guinea United National Workers Party African nationalism Personalism Anti imperialism Anti colonialism Anti racism Pan Africanism Anti intellectualism Totalitarianism 7 July 1970 25 August 1979 9 years 49 days Africa Equatorial Guinea Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea African nationalism Militarism 11 October 1987 16 November 1991 4 years 36 days Africa Eritrea Eritrean People s Liberation Front Left wing nationalism 1991 Provisional government 1993 Recognized state 16 February 1994 3 years 0 days AfricaEstonia Patriotic League National Front for the Implementation of the Constitution Estonian nationalism Personalism 9 March 1935 21 July 1940 5 years 134 days EuropeEstonia Communist Party of Estonia Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 21 July 1940 9 August 1940 19 days EuropeEthiopia Commission for Organizing the Party of the Working People of Ethiopia Communism Marxism Leninism 12 September 1984 22 February 1987 2 years 163 days AfricaEthiopia Workers Party of Ethiopia Communism Marxism Leninism 22 February 1987 28 April 1991 4 years 65 days Africa Gabon Gabonese Democratic Party Conservatism 12 March 1968 22 May 1990 22 years 71 days AfricaGeorgia Communist Party of Georgia Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 25 February 1921 30 December 1922 1 year 308 days AsiaTranscaucasia Communist Party of Georgia Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 12 March 1922 30 December 1922 293 days AsiaNazi Germany National Socialist German Workers Party Nazism 14 July 1933 23 May 1945 11 years 313 days EuropeReich Commissariat for the Occupied Dutch Territories National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands Collaborationism Dutch irredentism Dutch nationalism and Nazism 14 December 1941 6 May 1945 3 years 143 days Europe Ghana Convention People s Party Nkrumaism African socialism African nationalism Pan Africanism 31 January 1964 24 February 1966 2 years 24 days AfricaGrenada New Jewel Movement Communism Marxism Leninism 13 March 1979 25 October 1983 4 years 226 days North AmericaGuatemala Progressive Liberal Party Ubicoism Liberalism Nationalism Anti communism 1931 1944 Central America Guinea Democratic Party of Guinea African Democratic Rally African nationalism African socialism Pan Africanism 1960 1984 Africa Guinea Bissau African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde Communism Marxism Leninism 1974 1991 AfricaHaiti National Unity Party Black nationalism Haitian nationalism Right wing populism Anti communism Anti Americanism 14 June 1957 22 July 1985 28 years 38 days North AmericaHawaii Reform Party Americanisation Annexationism 4 July 1894 12 August 1898 4 years 39 days North AmericaGovernment of National Unity Arrow Cross Party Hungarism Fascism Collaborationism Agrarianism 16 October 1944 7 May 1945 203 days EuropeHungary Hungarian Working People s Party Communism Marxism Leninism Stalinism 20 August 1949 31 October 1956 7 years 72 days EuropeHungary Hungarian Socialist Workers Party Communism Marxism Leninism Kadarism 31 October 1956 16 October 1989 32 years 350 days Europe Indonesia Indonesian National Party Nationalism Marhaenism 17 August 1945 3 November 1945 78 days AsiaImperial State of Iran Rastakhiz Party Monarchism Populism Secularism Democratic centralism Third Position 2 March 1975 1 November 1978 3 years 244 days AsiaIraq Iraqi Arab Socialist Union Arab nationalism Arab socialism Pan Arabism Nasserism 14 July 1964 17 July 1968 AsiaIraq Arab Socialist Ba ath Party Saddamist Ba athism Arab nationalism Arab socialism Pan Arabism militarism 17 July 1968 9 April 2003 AsiaKingdom of Italy Libya National Fascist Party Muslim Association of the Lictor Fascism Corporatism Ultranationalism Totalitarianism 17 May 1928 9 January 1939 27 July 1943 Europe AfricaItalian Social Republic Republican Fascist Party Fascism Corporatism Ultranationalism Totalitarianism Antisemitism Collaborationism 13 September 1943 28 April 1945 Europe Ivory Coast Democratic Party of Ivory Coast African Democratic Rally African nationalism Conservatism Populism Houphouetism Pan Africanism 1960 1990 AfricaEmpire of Japan Imperial Rule Assistance Association Shōwa statism 1940 1945 AsiaPhilippine Executive Commission Association for Service to the New Philippines Filipino nationalism National conservatism Fascism Japanophilia collaborationism 8 December 1942 14 October 1943 AsiaKampuchea Communist Party of Kampuchea Communism Marxism Leninism Agrarianism Autarky Khmer nationalism Ultranationalism 17 April 1975 22 June 1982 Asia Kenya Kenya African National Union Kenyan nationalism Conservatism 1969 de facto 1982 de jure 1991 AfricaIndependent State of Croatia Ustasa Croatian Revolutionary Movement Croatian irredentism Croatian ultranationalism National conservatism Social conservatism Clerical fascism Fascist corporatism Political Catholicism Anti communism 10 April 1941 8 May 1945 EuropeLatvia Communist Party of Latvia Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 17 December 1918 13 January 1920 EuropeLatvia Communist Party of Latvia Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 21 July 1940 5 August 1940 EuropeLiberia True Whig Party Black conservatism Centralization Protectionism Whiggism until 1940s 1878 April 1980 AfricaLibya Arab Socialist Union Arab nationalism Arab socialism Pan Arabism Nasserism 1971 1977 AfricaLithuania Byelorussia Communist Party of Lithuania and Belorussia Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 17 February 1919 17 July 1919 EuropeLithuania Lithuanian Nationalist Union Lithuanian nationalism National conservatism Social conservatism Fascist corporatism Anti communism 1926 1940 14 years EuropeLithuania Communist Party of Lithuania Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 21 July 1940 3 August 1940 EuropeDemocratic Republic of Madagascar National Front for the Defense of the Revolution Left wing nationalism Scientific socialism 1976 1989 Africa Malawi Malawi Congress Party Ubuntu Conservatism African nationalism Anti colonialism 1964 1993 Africa Mali Sudanese Union African Democratic Rally African nationalism Pan Africanism African socialism 1960 1968 Africa Mali Democratic Union of the Malian People African socialism Democratic centralism 1976 1991 AfricaManchukuo Concordia Association Fascism Monarchism Manchurian nationalism Pan Asianism Anti communism Personalism collaborationism 1 April 1932 1 May 1945 Asia Mauritania Mauritanian People s Party Nationalism Centralism Islamic socialism 1961 1978 Africa Mexico Institutional Revolutionary Party Revolutionary nationalism Big tent 4 March 1929 2 July 2000 71 years 120 days North AmericaMongolia Mongolian People s Revolutionary Party Communism Marxism Leninism 1921 29 July 1990 AsiaMozambique FRELIMO Marxism Leninism 25 June 1975 1 December 1990 Africa Niger Nigerien Progressive Party African Democratic Rally African nationalism Pan Africanism 1960 1974 Africa Niger National Movement for the Development of Society Conservatism 1989 1991 Africa Vietnam partially Workers Party of North Vietnam League for the Independence of Vietnam Communism Marxism Leninism Ho Chi Minh Thought 2 September 1945 1946 citation needed Asia North Vietnam Workers Party of North Vietnam Vietnamese Fatherland Front Communism Marxism Leninism Ho Chi Minh Thought 1955 2 July 1976 Asia North Yemen General People s Congress Yemeni nationalism Arab nationalism Pan Arabism Big tent 1982 1988 AsiaNational Government National Rally Fascism Nazism Fascist corporatism Anti communism Collaborationism 25 September 1940 8 May 1945 Europe Ottoman Empire Union and Progress Party Ittihadism 11 June 1913 1918 Asia EuropeParaguay Colorado Party Conservatism national conservatism 1947 1962 South AmericaPersia Communist Party of Persia Communism Marxism Leninism 1920 1921 AsiaRepublic of the Philippines Association for Service to the New Philippines Filipino nationalism National conservatism Fascism Japanophilia collaborationism 14 October 1943 17 August 1945 AsiaPoland Polish United Workers Party Front of National Unity Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 5 February 1947 July 1982 EuropePoland Polish United Workers Party Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism July 1982 24 August 1989 EuropePortugal National Union Salazarism corporatism Integralismo Lusitano 30 July 1930 8 October 1945 EuropePortugal National Union Salazarism corporatism Integralismo Lusitano 31 January 1948 September 1969 EuropePortugal People s National Action formerly National Union Corporatism Integralismo Lusitano 1970 25 April 1974 EuropeRomania National Renaissance Front Big tent Romanian nationalism Monarchism 16 December 1938 6 September 1940 EuropeNational Legionary State Iron Guard Legionarism clerical fascism Christian nationalism 6 September 1940 23 January 1941 EuropeRomania Romanian Communist Party People s Democratic Front Communism Marxism Leninism 5 February 1948 1968 EuropeRomania Romanian Communist Party Front of Socialist Unity Communism Marxism Leninism National Communism 1968 1980 EuropeRomania Romanian Communist Party Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy Communism Marxism Leninism National Communism 1980 29 December 1989 Europe Rwanda Parmehutu Hutu Power 1965 1973 Africa Rwanda National Revolutionary Movement for Development Hutu Power Ultranationalism Social conservatism Anti communism 1978 1991 AfricaSan Marino Sammarinese Fascist Party Italian fascism Corporatism 1926 1943 Europe San Marino Republican Fascist Party of San Marino Italian fascism 1943 1944 Europe Senegal Socialist Party of Senegal African nationalism African socialism 1966 1974 Africa Seychelles Seychelles People s Progressive Front Communism Marxism Leninism 1979 1991 Africa Sierra Leone All People s Congress African nationalism Democratic socialism 1978 1991 AfricaSlovak Republic Hlinka s Slovak People s Party Party of Slovak National Unity Clerical fascism Slovak nationalism 14 March 1939 8 May 1945 EuropeSomalia Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party Islamic socialism Marxism Leninism Pan Somalism Scientific socialism Somali nationalism July 1976 26 January 1991 AfricaSouth Korea Democratic Republican Party Conservative Corporatist Korean Nationalism Right wing Populism Anti communism 21 November 1972 17 October 1980 Asia People s Republic of Southern Yemen National Liberation Front Yemeni Socialist Party Arab nationalism Arab socialism 30 November 1967 31 October 1978 Asia People s Democratic Republic of Yemen Yemeni Socialist Party Communism Marxism Leninism 31 October 1978 22 May 1990 AsiaDemocratic Republic of Yemen Yemeni Socialist Party Communism Marxism Leninism 21 May 1994 7 July 1994 AsiaEstonia Russian Communist Party Central Committee of the Estonian Sections Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 29 November 1918 5 June 1919 188 days EuropeRussian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Russian Communist Party Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 8 March 1918 30 December 1922 4 years 297 days Europe AsiaRussian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Russian Social Democratic Labour Party Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 19 January 1918 8 March 1918 48 days Europe AsiaUnion of Soviet Socialist Republics Russian Communist Party Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 30 December 1922 31 December 1925 3 years 1 day Europe AsiaUnion of Soviet Socialist Republics All Union Communist Party Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism Stalinism 31 December 1925 13 October 1952 26 years 287 days Europe AsiaUnion of Soviet Socialist Republics Communist Party of the Soviet Union Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 13 October 1952 9 October 1990 37 years 361 days Europe AsiaKingdom of Spain Patriotic Union Spanish nationalism Political Catholicism Monarchism Conservatism 1924 1930 EuropeSpanish State FET y de las JONS Francoism Falangism Spanish nationalism traditionalism National Catholicism anti liberalism corporatism 1 April 1939 6 July 1976 EuropeDemocratic Republic of the Sudan Sudanese Socialist Union Arab nationalism Arab socialism Anti communism 1971 1985 Africa Sudan National Congress Party Islamism Arab nationalism Salafism Social conservatism 1989 2005 AfricaSyrian Republic Arab Liberation Movement Pan Arabism Modernization Pro Western 1953 1954 AsiaSyrian Arab Republic Arab Socialist Ba ath Party National Progressive Front Neo Ba athism 8 March 1963 27 February 2012 8 December 2024 de facto Asia Sao Tome and Principe Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe Social Democratic Party Communism Marxism Leninism 1975 1990 Africa Tanganyika Tanganyika African National Union African nationalism African socialism Ujamaa 1961 1977 Africa Tanzania Chama Cha Mapinduzi Ujamaa African socialism 1977 1992 Africa Togo Party of Togolese Unity African nationalism 1962 1963 Africa Togo Rally of the Togolese People African nationalism Right wing populism 1969 1991 Africa Tunisia Neo Destour Tunisian nationalism Bourguibism Arab nationalism secularism 1963 1964 Africa Tunisia Socialist Destourian Party Tunisian nationalism Secularism Bourguibism 1964 1981 Africa Turkey one party period Republican People s Party Kemalism 1923 1945 Asia Europe Turkmenistan Democratic Party of Turkmenistan Turkmen nationalism Secularism Social conservatism Catch all party 1992 2008 AsiaTuva Tuvan People s Revolutionary Party Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 14 August 1921 11 October 1944 Asia Uganda Uganda People s Congress Social democracy African nationalism Pan Africanism 1969 1971 AfricaUkraine Communist Party of Ukraine Communism Marxism Leninism democratic centralism state socialism 10 March 1919 30 December 1922 Europe United Arab Republic National Union Arab nationalism Arab socialism Pan Arabism 1958 1961 AfricaUpper Volta Voltaic Democratic Union African Democratic Rally African nationalism Pan Africanism 1960 1966 AfricaYugoslavia Yugoslav Radical Peasants Democracy Royalism Yugoslav nationalism Agrarianism Centralism Anti liberalism 1929 1931 Europe img data file

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