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Body fluids, bodily fluids, or biofluids, sometimes body liquids, are liquids within the body of an organism. In lean healthy adult men, the total body water is about 60% (60–67%) of the total body weight; it is usually slightly lower in women (52–55%). The exact percentage of fluid relative to body weight is inversely proportional to the percentage of body fat. A lean 70 kg (150 lb) man, for example, has about 42 (42–47) liters of water in his body.
The total body of water is divided into fluid compartments, between the intracellular fluid compartment (also called space, or volume) and the extracellular fluid (ECF) compartment (space, volume) in a two-to-one ratio: 28 (28–32) liters are inside cells and 14 (14–15) liters are outside cells.
The ECF compartment is divided into the interstitial fluid volume – the fluid outside both the cells and the blood vessels – and the intravascular volume (also called the vascular volume and blood plasma volume) – the fluid inside the blood vessels – in a three-to-one ratio: the interstitial fluid volume is about 12 liters; the vascular volume is about 4 liters.
The interstitial fluid compartment is divided into the lymphatic fluid compartment – about 2/3, or 8 (6–10) liters, and the transcellular fluid compartment (the remaining 1/3, or about 4 liters).
The vascular volume is divided into the venous volume and the arterial volume; and the arterial volume has a conceptually useful but unmeasurable subcompartment called the effective arterial blood volume.
Compartments by location
- intracellular fluid (ICF), which consist of cytosol and fluids in the cell nucleus
- Extracellular fluid
- Intravascular fluid (blood plasma)
- Interstitial fluid
- Lymphatic fluid (sometimes included in interstitial fluid)
- Transcellular fluid
Health
Clinical samples
Clinical samples are generally defined as non-infectious human or animal materials including blood, saliva, excreta, body tissue and tissue fluids, and also FDA-approved pharmaceuticals that are blood products. In medical contexts, it is a specimen taken for diagnostic examination or evaluation, and for identification of disease or condition.
See also
- Basic reproduction number
- Blood-borne diseases
- Clinical pathology
- Humorism
- Hygiene
- Ritual cleanliness
References
- "body fluid". Taber's online – Taber's medical dictionary. Archived from the original on 2021-06-21. Retrieved 2021-06-22.
- "The water in you". . December 2016.
- Lote, Christopher J. Principles of Renal Physiology, 5th edition. Springer. p. 2.
- Santambrogio, Laura (2018). "The Lymphatic Fluid". International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology. 337: 111–133. doi:10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.12.002. ISBN 9780128151952. PMID 29551158.
- Vesely, David L (2013). "Natriuretic Hormones". Seldin and Giebisch's the Kidney: 1241–1281. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-381462-3.00037-9. ISBN 9780123814623.
- Liachovitzky, Carlos (2015). "Human Anatomy and Physiology Preparatory Course" (pdf). CUNY Bronx Community College. CUNY Academic Works. p. 69. Archived from the original on 2017-08-23. Retrieved 2021-06-22.
- Packaging Guidelines for Clinical Samples - Retrieved 7 August 2014.
- specimen - The Free Dictionary. Retrieved 7 August 2014
Further reading
- Paul Spinrad. (1999) The RE/Search Guide to Bodily Fluids. Juno Books. ISBN 1-890451-04-5
- John Bourke. (1891) Scatalogic Rites of All Nations. Washington, D.C.: W.H. Lowdermilk.
External links
- De Luca LA, Menani JV, Johnson AK (2014). Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis: Transduction and Integration. Boca Raton: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781466506930.
This article about biology may be excessively human centric Please improve coverage for other species and discuss this issue on the talk page Learn how and when to remove this message Body fluids bodily fluids or biofluids sometimes body liquids are liquids within the body of an organism In lean healthy adult men the total body water is about 60 60 67 of the total body weight it is usually slightly lower in women 52 55 The exact percentage of fluid relative to body weight is inversely proportional to the percentage of body fat A lean 70 kg 150 lb man for example has about 42 42 47 liters of water in his body Intracellular and extracellular fluid compartments The extracellular fluid compartment is further subdivided into the interstitial fluid and the intravascular fluid compartments The total body of water is divided into fluid compartments between the intracellular fluid compartment also called space or volume and the extracellular fluid ECF compartment space volume in a two to one ratio 28 28 32 liters are inside cells and 14 14 15 liters are outside cells The ECF compartment is divided into the interstitial fluid volume the fluid outside both the cells and the blood vessels and the intravascular volume also called the vascular volume and blood plasma volume the fluid inside the blood vessels in a three to one ratio the interstitial fluid volume is about 12 liters the vascular volume is about 4 liters The interstitial fluid compartment is divided into the lymphatic fluid compartment about 2 3 or 8 6 10 liters and the transcellular fluid compartment the remaining 1 3 or about 4 liters The vascular volume is divided into the venous volume and the arterial volume and the arterial volume has a conceptually useful but unmeasurable subcompartment called the effective arterial blood volume Compartments by locationintracellular fluid ICF which consist of cytosol and fluids in the cell nucleus Extracellular fluid Intravascular fluid blood plasma Interstitial fluid Lymphatic fluid sometimes included in interstitial fluid Transcellular fluidHealthClinical samples Clinical samples are generally defined as non infectious human or animal materials including blood saliva excreta body tissue and tissue fluids and also FDA approved pharmaceuticals that are blood products In medical contexts it is a specimen taken for diagnostic examination or evaluation and for identification of disease or condition See alsoBasic reproduction number Blood borne diseases Clinical pathology Humorism Hygiene Ritual cleanlinessReferences body fluid Taber s online Taber s medical dictionary Archived from the original on 2021 06 21 Retrieved 2021 06 22 The water in you December 2016 Lote Christopher J Principles of Renal Physiology 5th edition Springer p 2 Santambrogio Laura 2018 The Lymphatic Fluid International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology 337 111 133 doi 10 1016 bs ircmb 2017 12 002 ISBN 9780128151952 PMID 29551158 Vesely David L 2013 Natriuretic Hormones Seldin and Giebisch s the Kidney 1241 1281 doi 10 1016 B978 0 12 381462 3 00037 9 ISBN 9780123814623 Liachovitzky Carlos 2015 Human Anatomy and Physiology Preparatory Course pdf CUNY Bronx Community College CUNY Academic Works p 69 Archived from the original on 2017 08 23 Retrieved 2021 06 22 Packaging Guidelines for Clinical Samples Retrieved 7 August 2014 specimen The Free Dictionary Retrieved 7 August 2014Further readingPaul Spinrad 1999 The RE Search Guide to Bodily Fluids Juno Books ISBN 1 890451 04 5 John Bourke 1891 Scatalogic Rites of All Nations Washington D C W H Lowdermilk External linksDe Luca LA Menani JV Johnson AK 2014 Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis Transduction and Integration Boca Raton CRC Press Taylor amp Francis ISBN 9781466506930
